| 研究生: |
許宗義 Hsu, Tsung-Yi |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
p型高功函數透明導電陽極應用於
有機發光二極體 Applications of p-type High Work Function Transparent Conductive Anode on Organic Light-Emitting Diode |
| 指導教授: |
洪昭南
Hong, C. Franklin |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2002 |
| 畢業學年度: | 90 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 103 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 有機發光二極體 、p型透明導電膜 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | OLED, NiO |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:52 下載:1 |
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中文摘要
本研究藉由感應藕合磁控濺鍍法,可得p型氧化鎳透明導電膜。在基板溫度200 ℃,總壓力10 mtorr,純氧氣相組成蒸鍍時,可得最低電阻率1.7×10-1 Ω-cm的膜。氧化鎳(NiO)膜厚為114 nm時,在可見光區(400nm~800nm)平均穿透率約40 %。
在單層TPD元件中,元件的陽極為ITO/NiO的單層TPD元件在電流密度100 (A/m2) 時的外加電壓為3 V,而ITO表面經氧電漿處理的單層TPD元件在電流密度100 (A/m2) 時的外加電壓則高達11 V。由於p型的NiO費米能階(Fermi level)更靠近有機層TPD的最高填滿分子軌域能階(HOMO),使得電洞注入能障減小,因此ITO/NiO陽極電洞注入有機層TPD能力比經氧電漿處理的ITO更好。
ITO/NiO陽極在有機發光二極體元件的影響主要在降低起始電壓及元件的操作電壓。有機發光二極體在發光亮度1 (cd/m2) 時的操作電壓定義為起始電壓。在ITO/NiO陽極元件起始電壓為3 V,明顯降低了元件的起始電壓,但同時也略微降低了元件效率。效率下降是因為氧化鎳幫助電洞大幅增加但缺少相對應的電子注入,電荷在有機發光元件中不平衡所致。所以,為了提升元件效率元件的設計必須平衡電子及電洞的注入。
NiO提供了有機發光二極體新的陽極材料,藉由NiO電洞注入有機層的能力,有效的改善有機發光二極體製程及元件操作電壓和起始電壓。
Abstract
Transparent conductive p-type nickel oxide (NiO) films were prepared by r.f. sputtering. The resistivity of 1.7×10-1Ω-cm was obtained for the non-intentionally doped NiO films prepared at a substrate temperature of 200℃ in pure oxygen sputtering gas (total pressure:10 mtorr,target ENI power:150 W). An average transmittance of about 40% in the visible range (400nm~800nm) was obtained for a 114nm thick NiO film.
An ultra-thin layer of nickel oxide (NiO) was deposited on indium-tin oxide (ITO) as the anode of the organic light emitting diode (OLED) device because of its high work function and thus good hole injection ability. A lower turn-on voltage was about 3V resulting in a luminance of 1 cd/m2. However, slightly lower luminescence efficiency was observed for the device with the ITO/NiO anode. The devices consisting of a TPD layer only are the hole-only devices, which confirmed the enhancement of hole injection ability usung ITO/NiO.
Our results suggest that ITO/NiO anode is a good material for hole injections in OLED devices. The NiO material layer deposited on ITO indeed improves the turn-on voltage of the OLED devices.
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