本文的主旨可分為利用酸化後的矽酸鈉(Sodium silicate)為氧化矽來源，並以一鍋化的合成方式製備出孔洞氧化矽材料(Porous silica，PS)、碳材@孔洞氧化矽材料以及矽酸鈦材料。
本研究利用檸檬酸或硫酸酸化不具揮發性的矽酸鈉作為氧化矽源，搭配界面活性劑P123、具有親水官能基的PEG高分子及天然高分子明膠為有機模板合成出孔洞尺度可控制的高比表面積孔洞氧化矽材料；接著以表面活化劑明膠活化奈米碳管(Carbon nanotube，CNT)與奈米石墨(Nano-Graphite，NG)，並以相同的概念製備出奈米碳管@孔洞氧化矽(CNT@PS)與奈米石墨@孔洞氧化矽(NG@PS)材料；最後以無有機模板的合成方式，利用共沉澱法及異相成核法合成出矽酸鈦中孔洞材料。
(1) 孔洞氧化矽材料
在pH ≈ 5.0的反應條件下，藉由氫鍵(Hydrogen bond)的作用力，以共聚高分子P123、PEG高分子及明膠為有機模板，搭配檸檬酸酸化的矽酸鈉水溶液為氧化矽源形成有機無機複合材料，可藉由改變水熱處理時間調控材料的孔徑尺度，以及藉由矽酸鈉濃度調控材料的粒徑尺度，並且移除有機模板後，即可製備出孔洞氧化矽材料；而以明膠合成的材料，則可以利用硫酸水溶液置換母液，並藉由100℃酸水熱處理的方式，可以製備出含有大量Si-OH官能基的高比表面積孔洞氧化矽材料。此部分的材料由於製作手法簡單、高比表面積、孔洞通透性佳及孔洞、粒徑尺度可調整等特性，在應用上具有非常大的潛力，而本實驗室製備的孔洞氧化矽材料在隔熱漆的應用上已有初步的效果。
(2) 奈米碳管@孔洞氧化矽及奈米石墨@孔洞氧化矽材料
在pH ≈ 5.0的反應條件下，利用天然高分子明膠使奈米碳管與奈米石墨具表面活化後分散於水中，並搭配檸檬酸酸化的矽酸鈉水溶液為氧化矽源，經由水熱反應後，可以合成出分散性佳且完整包覆的CNT@PS及NG@PS材料。由於CNT與NG材料本身具有很好的導熱性質，在這些材料外包覆了一層孔洞氧化矽層後，可以利用孔洞氧化矽的高比表面積與具有大量Si-OH的特性，使CNT@PS和NG@PS藉由氫鍵的方式混入封裝膠材(還氧樹酯)中，增加膠材的導熱效果。
(3) 矽酸鈦中孔洞材料
將TiCl4加入硫酸酸化的矽酸鈉水溶液中，並在pH ≈ 9.0的反應條件下，利用共沉澱法搭配水熱處理的方式，合成出高比表面積的矽酸鈦中孔洞材料；另一方面，以孔洞氧化矽為氧化矽來源，在相同的反應條件下，以異相成核的方式把Ti擔載在氧化矽的孔洞結構中，經過100℃水熱處理，也可製備出矽酸鈦中孔洞材料。而本部分合成的矽酸鈦材料對過氧化氫(H2O2)的分解反應及染料的降解反應上都具有很好的催化效果。

For the purpose to easily synthesize silica based porous materials, we provide a new strategy by using acidified sodium silicate as silica source. With this concept, we can use one-pot synthesized method combined with organic template and hydrothermal treatment method to fabricate porous silica with tunable pore size, particle size and high specific surface area. And then, by using environmental friendly polymer gelatin as surface activator for carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nanographites (NG) and acidified sodium silicate as silica source, we can use a facile one-pot method to synthesize dispersible and uniformly silica coated carbon nanotube@porous silica (CNT@PS) and nanographite@porous silica (NG@PS) materials. In the last chapter, by adding appropriate amount of NaOH(aq) into Ti source (TiCl4) mixed acidified sodium silicate and with hydrothermal treatment, the mesoporous Ti-silicate with high specific surface area and good dispersities of Ti activated sites can be formed. The mesoporous titanium-silicate with well-dispersed titanium active sites can be used as a high-performance catalyst toward decomposition of hydrogens peroxide and dyes molecules.

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