簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 羅麥可
Michel, Gregorio Antonio Rosario
論文名稱： 由空間資料基礎之觀點探討緊急製圖任務之推動
A Spatial Data Infrastructure Perspective to Facilitate Emergency Mapping Team Operations
指導教授： 洪榮宏
Hong, Jung-Hong
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 測量及空間資訊學系
Department of Geomatics
論文出版年： 2013
畢業學年度： 101
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 143
外文關鍵詞： Emergency Mapping Team, Spatial Data Infrastructure, Natural Disaster Management, Common Operational Picture
相關次數： 點閱：101  下載：1 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • Natural disasters have seriously threatened and impacted the well-being of the society in different aspects. For instance, the United Nation Office for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR, 2012) points out that, just in the last 20 years the natural disasters effects have reached the 4.4 billion of people affected, 2.0 trillion (USD) in damages and 1.3 million people killed. On the other hand, the geographic information and spatial related technologies have proven to be crucial for effective collaborative decision-making in disaster management and response. Traditionally, these information and technology are held by different government agencies. On the other hand, due to the severity of the impact of some natural disasters in recent years, private companies, NGO, independent volunteers and international organizations have also been supporting in the collection and distribution of geographic information activities after a natural disaster strikes. These jointly collaborative efforts of technology, institutions and knowledge to support mapping activities after natural disasters have been recently known as Emergency Mapping Team (EMT). Nevertheless, despite the important contribution the EMT can bring on the table of the natural disaster managers and general public to reduce the impact of the natural disaster, there is still a lack of study about how this collaborative effort between the EMTs and the government agencies can be further improved.

    Here in this research, we take advantage of the knowledge from previous experiences of EMT operations in recent natural disaster events in different countries, and the best practice of local, national and Regional SDI implementations all around the world, to propose a SDI perspective to enhance the EMT operations. In this way, we base our analysis on the essential requirements of the EMT to create a common operational picture for natural disaster management and the available resources within the SDI sharing environment, in order to find out which data, technology and institutional arrangements can be provided by the SDI to facilitate EMT operations.

    ABSTRACT IV TABLE OF CONTENTS VI LIST OF FIGURES IX LIST OF TABLES XI 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Research scope and main objectives 3 1.3 Research architecture and methodology 6 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1 SDI concept and studies 9 2.1.1 Multidimensional perspective of SDI 9 2.1.2 Multilevel perspective of SDI 10 2.1.3 Multi-faceted perspective of SDI 13 2.1.4 Multi-causes perspective of the SDI 13 2.2 SDI data framework 15 2.2.1 Data themes linking relationship 17 2.2.2 Major issues 22 2.3 Data sharing issues: interoperability perspective 24 2.3.1 Interoperability levels 26 2.3.2 Technical interoperability 27 2.3.3 Semantic interoperability 29 2.4 Standardization issues in SDI 30 2.4.1 Standards for spatial data reference models 33 2.4.2 Standards for metadata 34 2.4.3 Standards for services 36 2.5 Institutional issues 38 3 ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A SDI 40 3.1 Dominican Republic 44 3.1.1 Administrative division 45 3.1.2 Climate 45 3.1.3 Language 45 3.1.4 Economy 45 3.1.5 Environmental and natural hazards issues 45 3.2 Data Component 46 3.2.1 Elements of the core data 46 3.2.2 Minimum common requirements of the core data 53 3.3 Technological component 55 3.3.1 Discovery service 57 3.3.2 View service 58 3.3.3 Download service 59 3.3.4 Geoportal 59 3.4 Institutional component 61 3.4.1 Legal framework and leadership 61 3.4.2 Partnership 62 3.4.3 Access policies 62 3.4.4 Funding and pricing 62 3.4.5 Standards 63 3.4.6 Capacity building 63 4 SDI CAPABILITIES TO ENHANCE EFFICIENCY OF THE EMT OPERATIONS 65 4.1 Review of the Emergency Mapping Team Development 65 4.1.1 From a centralized to an open structure 67 4.1.2 From a product oriented to a service oriented 67 4.1.3 From local, national to international 68 4.2 Common Procedure for Making EMT maps 69 4.2.1 Users’ requirements assessment 70 4.2.2 Data collection 70 4.2.3 Data preparation 70 4.2.4 Map integration 71 4.2.5 Analysis and process 71 4.2.6 Map products 71 4.2.7 Quality validation 71 4.2.8 Map dissemination 72 4.3 Minimum requirements for the Emergency Mapping Teams 72 4.3.1 Data requirements 73 4.3.2 Technology requirements 86 4.3.3 Institutional requirements 88 4.4 SDI Capabilities to Facilitate EMT Operations 90 4.4.1 Data capabilities 90 4.4.2 Technological capabilities 94 4.4.3 Institutional capabilities 98 5 SDI PILOT SYSTEM TO FACILITATE DATA SHARING FOR THE EMT OPERATIONS 111 5.1 Scenario 111 5.1.1 Stakeholders 113 5.1.2 Available resources 114 5.1.3 Major challenges 115 5.2 SDI pilot system implementation 115 5.3 Study cases 118 5.3.1 Case Study 1: Multiscale Base Map Visualization 118 5.3.2 Case Study 2: Critical Infrastructures Map 122 5.3.3 Case Study 3: Geolocation of incident information 125 5.3.4 Case Study 4: Statistical Maps 129 6 CONCLUSION 133 REFERENCES 137

    Anninos, D. (2012). "Engineering and Design Geosptail Data and Systems." Department of the Army. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
    Asante, K. O., J. P. Verdin, M. P. Crane, S. A. Tokar and J. Rowland (2007). "Spatial Data Infrastructures in Management of Natural Disasters."
    Bill, R. (2008). "Spatial Data Infrastructures For Emergency Services And Security Management." NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security 2008, pp 233-245.
    Chan, T. O., M.-E. Feeney, A. Rajabifard and I. Williamson (2001). "The Dynamic Nature of Spatial Data Infrastructures: A Method of Descriptive Classification."
    Choi, D.-G., B.-G. Kang and T. Kim (2009). "Standardization: Fundamental, Impact and Business Strategy."
    Craglia, M., A. Annoni, P. Smits, C. Corbin, L. Hecht and G. Pichler (2003). "Final Technical Report of the Geographic Information Network in Europe project (GINIE) IST-2000-29493." Geographic Information in the Wider Europe.
    Crompvoets, J., A. Bregt, A. Rajabifard and I. Williamson (2004). "Assessing the Worldwide Developments of National Spatial Data Clearinghouses." International Journal Geographical Information Science Vol. 18, No. 7: 665–689.
    Crompvoets, J., A. Rajabifard, B. v. Loenen and T. D. Fernández (2008). A Multi-View Framework to Assess SDIs. Space for Geo-Information (RGI), Wageningen University. 1.
    Davis, C. A. and F. T. Fonseca (2011). "National Data Spatial Infrastructure: The Case of the Brazil. ." Washington, D.C: infoDev / World Bank. .
    FDGC (2012). "Framework. Introduction and Guide." Federal Geographic Data Committee.
    Frank, S., H. F. Goodchild, H. J. Onsrud and J. K. Pinto (1996). "User Requirements for Framework Geospatial Data." Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association: 38-50.
    Furuya, T., R. Kimura, M. Inoguchi, K. Tamura and H. Hayashi (2012). "Geospatial Information Improves the Decision-Making Process during the Disaster Response: The Experience of the Emergency Mapping Team in the 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Earthquake." 15 WCEE Liboa 2012.
    G-MOSAIC (2012). "G-MOSAIC in a Nutshell." http://www.gmes-gmosaic.eu/project-overview/19.
    Geographic-Information-Panel (2008). "Place matters: the Location Strategy for the United Kingdom." Communities and Local Government Publications. United Kingdom.
    Grant, D. M. (1999). "Spatial Data Infrastructures: The Vision for the Future and the Role of Government in Underpinning Future Land Administration Systems.".
    Groot, R. (1997). "Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) for Sustainalbe Land Management."
    Groot, R. and M. A. Sharifi (1994). "Spatial Data Infrastructure, Essential Element in the Successful Explotation of GIS Technology." International Institute For Aerospace Surveys and Earth Sciences.
    Heather, C. and I. Masser (1995). "GIS and Organizations." London: Taylor and Francis.
    Hendriks, P. H. J., E. Dessers and G. v. Hootegem (2012). "Reconsidering the definition of a spatial data infrastructure." International Journal of Geographical Information Science.
    Hopfstock, v. A. (2010). "A User-Oriented Map Design in the SDI Environment Using the Example of a European Reference Map at Medium Scale." Technische Universitat Dresden.
    INSPIRE-Directive (2007). "DIRECTIVE 2007/2/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 14 March 2007: Establishing an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community (INSPIRE)."
    Köhler, P. (2005). "User-Oriented Provision of Geo-Information in Disaster Management: Potentials of Spatial Data Infrastructures considering Brandenburg/ Germany as an Example." Geo Forschungs Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Data & Computing Center.
    Kevany, M. J. (2005). "Geo-Information for Disaster Management: Lessons from 9/11."
    Kimura, R., M. Inoguchi, K. Tamura, T. Furuya and H. Hayashi (2012). "Clarifying the Function of the Emergency Mapping Team in order to Allocate the Limited Resources in the Time of 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake."
    Kolodziej, K. (2004). "OpenGIS® Web Map Server Cookbook."
    Lemmens, R. (2006). "Semantic interoperability of distributed geo-services." Netherlands Geodetic Commission.
    Loenen, B. V. (2006). "Developing geographic information infrastructures; the role of access policies." Delft University of Technology.
    Man, W. H. E. d. (2008). "The multi-faceted nature of SDIs and their assessment - dealing with dilemmas." International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation.
    Manso, M.-Á., M. Wachowicz and M.-Á. Bernabé (2009). "Towards an Integrated Model of Interoperability for Spatial Data Infrastructures." Transactions in GIS 13(1): 43–67.
    McLaughlin, J. D. and S. E. Nichols (1992). "Building a national spatial data infrastructure." Computing Canada 6th January: 24.
    Mohammadi, H. (2008). "The Integration of Multi-source Spatial Datasets in the Context of SDI Initiatives ".
    Mohammadi, H. (2008). "Spatial Data Integratability and Interoperability in the Context of SDI." Centre for Spatial Data Infrastructures and Land Administration. University of Melbourne.
    Mooney, P., H. Sun, P. Corcoran and L. Yan (2011). "Citizen-Generated Spatial Data and Information: Risks and Opportunities." Peking University.
    Morris, S. P. (2011). "Preservation of Geospatial Data: the Connection with Open Standards Development."
    Nebert, D. D. (2004). "Spatial Data Infrastructure Cookbook v2.0." Technical Working Group Chair, GSDI.
    Nedovic-Budic, Z. and J. K. Pinto (1999). "Understanding Interorganizational GIS Activities: A Conceptual Framework."
    Nowak, J., J. Nogueras-Iso and S. Peedel (2005). "Issues of Multilinguality in Creating a European SDI- The Perspective for Spatial Data Interoperability." Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Joint Research Centre.
    OrdnanceSurvey (2011). "OS MasterMap Address Layer 2 technical specification chapter 1 v1. 7-12/2011."
    OrdnanceSurvey (2011). "Policy Statement – OS MasterMap Topographic IdentifiersTOIDs."
    Rajabifard, A., M.-e. Feeney and I. P. Williamson (2000). "The Cultural Aspects of Sharing and Dynamic Partnerships within an SDI Hierarchy ".
    Rajabifard, A. and I. P. Williamson (2002). "Spatial Data Infrastructures: Concept, SDI Hierarchy and Future directions." Spatial Data Infrastructure Research Group
    The University of Melbourne.
    Rajabifard, A. and I. P. Williamson (2004). "Regional SDI Development." Journal of Geospatial Today. India.
    Salzmann, M. (2011). "Co-creating SDI's: Bridging the Gap between Organizational Cultures."
    Sorensen, M. (1999). "Institutional Linkages for National and Regional GIS Management Issues, Opportunities and Challenges."
    Tamura, K., G. Urakawa and H. Hayashi (2010). "2007 Emergency Mapping Center Constructing Common Operational Pictures with GIS." Journal of Disaster Research Vol.5 No.1, 2010.
    Toth, K., C. Portele, A. Illert, M. Lutz and M. N. d. Lima (2012). "A Conceptual Model for Developing Interoperability Specification in Spatial Data Infrastructures." JCR Reference Reports.
    UNISDR (2012). "United Nation Office for Disaster Reduction " http://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/disaster-statistics.
    Urzua, C. O. (2012). "Indicadores de la Gestión de Riesgos de desastres en República Dominicana 2012: Desafíos pendientes y acciones para el avance." Dirección General de Ordenamiento y Desarrollo Territorial (DGODT). Dominican Republic.
    Vandenbroucke, D. and D. Biliouris (2010). "Spatial Data Infrastructures in France: State of play Spring 2010." K.U.LEUVEN RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT.
    Wahlström, M. (2013). "Disaster Statistics." United Nation Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. http://www.unisdr.org/we/inform/disaster-statistics.
    Williamson, I., A. RAJABIFARD and M.-E. Feeney (2003). "Developing Spatial Data Infrastructures: From concept to reality."
    Williamson, I., A. Rajabifard, J. Wallace and R. Bennett (2010). "Spatially Enabled Society."

    下載圖示 校內：立即公開
    校外：立即公開
    QR CODE