放流水是一種富含氮的資源，具有替代化肥用於永續農業的潛力。雖然氮能夠促進植物生長和微生物活動，但使用不當會導致土壤鹽鹼化和植物逆境。本研究評估了放流水作為硬質玉米追肥的可行性及其對土壤微生物的影響。第一年於畜殖場D進行盆栽試驗，設置三種不同濃度之放流水處理組及一個地下水對照組。結果顯示，隨著放流水濃度提升，玉米表現型有逐漸變好之趨勢。然而，高濃度未稀釋放流水施用會增加葉片丙二醛（malondialdehyde, MDA）含量，顯示可能對植物造成氧化逆境。微生物分析結果顯示，假單孢菌門（Pseudomonadota）為主要優勢菌門，非度量多維尺度分析（non-metric multidimensional scaling, NMDS）顯示各處理組間微生物群落結構無顯著差異。進一步透過濃度相關性分析，共篩選出 14 個與放流水濃度呈正相關之 ASVs。將所有放流水處理組合併後與對照組利用火山圖比較，共有 117 個 ASVs 於放流水處理組中顯著富集。進一步利用Functional Annotation of Prokaryotic Taxa（FAPROTAX）功能預測分析顯示，富集菌群多與碳、氮循環功能相關。第二年於畜殖場 S進行硬質玉米田間試驗，透過植物表型、光合色素及土壤性質分析，評估放流水部分替代化學肥料之可行性。結果顯示，在氮源供應相近且適當施用放流水之條件下，放流水處理組與傳統化肥組間並無顯著差異，顯示放流水具有部分替代化學肥料之潛力。綜合盆栽與田間試驗結果，適當施用放流水具有部分替代化學肥料之潛力，可維持玉米正常生長，並改變土壤細菌群落組成，富集具有預測碳、氮循環功能之細菌類群。其中，Cellvibrio於多項分析中皆與放流水施用具有一致關聯，推測可作為放流水施用之潛在微生物指標。本研究結果可作為放流水農業再利用及永續農業發展之參考。

Swine farm effluent is a nitrogen-rich resource with potential as an alternative fertilizer source for sustainable agriculture. This study evaluated its feasibility as a topdressing fertilizer for flint corn and its effects on soil bacterial communities. In the first year, a pot experiment showed that corn growth improved with increasing effluent concentration, whereas undiluted effluent significantly increased leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content, indicating oxidative stress. Although no significant differences in overall bacterial community structure were observed, effluent application enriched bacterial taxa associated with carbon and nitrogen cycling functions. In the second year, a field experiment demonstrated that, under comparable nitrogen inputs and appropriate application rates, swine farm effluent partially replaced chemical fertilizers without significantly affecting corn growth. Cellvibrio was consistently associated with effluent application across multiple microbial analyses, suggesting its potential as a microbial indicator of effluent application. Overall, appropriate application of swine farm effluent showed potential to partially replace chemical fertilizers while enriching bacterial taxa involved in nutrient cycling, supporting its agricultural reuse for sustainable agriculture.

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