摘要
人們經驗中年期後即將面臨身體的老化，如何建構成功的老化是人生重要的課題。中年期與老化密切相關，女性身體經驗對老化態度影響是成功老化之關鍵。故本研究主旨為了解中年期女性身體物化、生命意義與老化態度之關係。具體研究目的為：一、探討中年期女性人格特質、更年期症狀與身體物化、生命意義、老化態度之間的關係；二、探討中年期女性與中年期男性身體物化、生命意義對老化態度之影響、三、比較中年期女性與中年期男性身體物化、生命意義對老化態度的差異。本研究採橫斷式研究設計，以方便取樣選取原台南巿東區和安平區四十五歲至五十五歲中年期女性與中年期男性，於民國104年4月29至7月12日，以結構式問卷調查「人格特質量表」、「更年期症狀量表」、「身體物化意識量表」、「生命態度剖面圖-修訂量表」、「老化態度量表」進行資料收集；共發出398份，回收有效問巻372份，回收率93%，女性為248位、男性為124位，以SPSS 17.0統計軟體進行描述性統計及推論性統計，了解自變項與依變項之間的關係。
研究結果發現：一、人格特質為神經質者相較外傾向者在自認處於更年期上有顯著差異，其女性比男性更為顯著。中年期男性在職場工作、罹患疾病者有較高比例屬神經質人格，而女性是否工作、疾病與人格特質無顯著影響。二、女性自認處於更年期與罹患疾病者，更年期症狀較嚴重；男性自認處於更年期與BMI過重或是肥胖者，有更年期症狀比例較高。男性雖有更年期症狀卻不認為自身更年期者占多數(73.7%)。因此中年期女性相較男性能夠體驗到更年期身體的變化；三、女性(M=86.22)相較男性(M=82.00)身體物化得分高，代表中年期女性被身體物化程度高於男性。四、女性教育程度高中(職)專科以上、曾經服用荷爾蒙者，以及男性家庭月收入高、自認處於更年期者有高程度的生命意義。五、女性教育程度國中以上、無疾病者，以及男性家庭月收入高、否認自身處於更年期者有正向的老化態度。
本研究最後以階層性廣義線性方程式模型預測:在父權社會的體制，男性承受著社會期待，認定自己必須永保強壯又富男子氣概的形象，內心情感壓抑，又習慣以家人供養者或保護者自居。中年男性若小孩數少、身體質量正常，較低身體監測、生命存在空虛感較低，亦有正向的老化態度(此模型調整後解釋力19.09%)；中年期女性在男尊女卑的社會地位，長期受到社會角色束縛，必須提升教育程度，增加對身體自主權，降低身體羞愧感，亦開始思索生命目的、一致性，才有機會獲得正向的老化態度(此模型調整後解釋力36.63%)。
期望本研究結果可提供國內中年期女性面對老化態度的現況，與對影響中年期女性老化態度之相關因素有更多了解，協助中年期女性了解自我，進一步達到自我認同，有助於未來老年的生活；並可作為健康從業人員推動中年期女性心理健康之重要依據。

SUMMARY
To investigate the relations among different demographic features, the climacteric syndromes, the life attitude profiles, objectified body and attitude to aging. A cross sectional design used self-administered questionnaires in the study. With Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model, the results show that women have to enhance level of education, increase their autonomy,and decrease their body humiliation so as to explore the purpose and consistency of life for the positive attitude toward aging and men are highly expected under patriarchy that they should keep their masculine image and suppress their emotion and get used to be protector or supplier of family. If the middle aged men have few children, normal body quantity and quality, lower body surveillance, lower Existential Vacuum Dimension, they tend to have positive attitude toward aging.

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