逐層沉積法(layer-by-layer deposition)廣泛用於製備具有可控性質的非均質奈米複合材(heterogeneous nanocomposite)，其中通過結合剛性材料（如奈米晶體）於軟性材料（如高分子基質）所生成之複合材可藉由剛性材料之自組裝，來進一步提高奈米複合材性質之可控性。然而，奈米晶體在高分子基質中的自組裝結構受到熱力學的限制。在這裡，我們複合材中引入奈米晶體與基材之間的強相互作用力，以在基材上構建出不利於熱力學形成的垂直站立之一維奈米結構。通過使用立方體狀的銀奈米晶體作為建構模塊，並且精密控制每層高分子沉積層中銀奈米立方晶體的大小及尺寸，可獲得兩種不同形狀的一維奈米結構垂直站立以於基材上：“奈米線狀”和“尖塔狀或天線狀”。這種低成本和大規模並行的製備方法可用於取代昂貴且耗時的“光刻”法用於基材上生成垂直站立之一維奈米結構。此合成方法還提供了一種簡單的方式，通過控制每層高分子沉積層中奈米晶體的性質，於基材上設計並製備出用於特殊之應用所需性質的垂直站立之一維奈米結構。

We present a method for preparing heterogeneous nanocomposites with controllable properties using layer-by-layer deposition. By combining the self-assembly of hard nanocrystals in a soft polymer matrix, we overcome thermodynamic limitations to achieve vertical one-dimensional nanostructures. Strong interactions between nanocrystals and the substrate facilitate the formation of "wire-like" and "steeple-like" structures using cube-like nanocrystals, with size control in each layer. This cost-effective, scalable synthesis method offers a simpler alternative to traditional lithography, enabling the design and fabrication of vertical one-dimensional nanostructures with tailored properties.

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