在惡劣的海洋環境中，從艦上彈射起飛定翼無人機面臨著巨大的挑戰，這是由於甲板運動、環境風擾動以及受限的發射幾何空間所產生的耦合效應所致。
在本研究中，我們開發了一個全面的六自由度飛行動力學模擬技術，分析了蒲福風級七級的海況下，從動態移動的船艦甲板上，進行無人機安全彈射離艦起飛的條件。該技術，首先結合了七級風時的船舶運動學，使無人機於離艦前，確保與船艦的平移與旋轉動力學，完全同步。再使用 DATCOM 法計算了無人機的空氣動力係數。並搭配比例-微積分控制，以六自由度飛行動力學模擬，探究了無人機在不同彈射條件下彈射起飛之動態響應。
本研究探討了風向角與彈射角的影響，並量化找出了於各風向吹襲下，成功彈射起飛所需的最小彈射重量與彈射角最低門檻值。在強風條件下，本文研究所獲之彈射角，對於維持足夠的載具剩餘能量與保留控制，至關重要。另外顯示，越接近逆風條件，對無人機彈射起飛，越是有利。能以較低的彈射衝量，表現出更好的爬升性能，免於彈射初期墜回海面；而斜向順風配置，則需要較大的彈射衝量。這是由於不對稱的氣動負載和船舶運動學耦合所致。此外，研究發現船舶的橫搖運動與迎面氣流若能形成有利的對齊，將有助於增強初始升力並放寬起飛限制。
在量化數據方面，於相同的彈射角下，逆風起飛在相同時間間隔內達成的爬升高度比側風起飛高出 2.3%；逆風成功彈射起飛磅數相比側風起飛少了2000磅。在側風條件下，5° 的彈射角與 20° 相比，能將偏航響應降低約 15%；而在逆風條件下，5° 彈射角則能使爬升高度增加 7.6%。
總體而言，本研究所提出了一套量化的安全發射包線，並為彈射系統之籌建，提供了實務上的設計與操作指導。在七級風之天候條件下，期能有助於海巡立體化之艦載無人機，風雨無阻地安全彈射離艦起飛，進行各項海巡任務。

Ship-based catapult launch of fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in severe maritime environments presents substantial challenges due to the coupled effects of deck motion, environmental wind disturbances, and constrained launch geometry.
In this study, a comprehensive six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) flight-dynamics simulation framework is developed to evaluate the feasibility and performance of UAV catapult launches from a dynamically moving ship deck under Beaufort Level-7 sea states.
The framework incorporates realistic ship-motion kinematics, UAV aerodynamic coefficients generated via DATCOM, and a proportional–derivative (PD) control architecture to capture strongly coupled translational and rotational dynamics during the critical post-release phase. The influences of wind azimuth and launch elevation angles are systematically investigated, identifying minimum catapult weights and elevation thresholds required for successful launch. Results indicate that headwind conditions are the most favorable, enabling superior climb performance with reduced launch energy, whereas oblique tailwind configurations require the largest catapult impulse due to asymmetric aerodynamic loading and ship-induced kinematic coupling. Furthermore, favorable alignment between ship roll motion and incoming wind enhances initial lift and relaxes launch constraints.
Quantitatively, under identical launch elevation angles, headwind takeoff achieves 2.3% greater climb height than crosswind takeoff within the same timeframe. Under crosswind conditions, a 5° catapult launch reduces yaw response by approximately 15% compared to a 20° angle, while under headwind conditions, a 5° launch achieves 7.6% higher climb height.
Overall, the proposed framework establishes quantitative safe launch envelopes and offers practical operational guidance for robust fixed-wing UAV deployment from moving maritime platforms.

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