為了因應全球節能減碳的訴求，本論文以輕型電動載具之驅動系統
為研究主軸，設計與實現一低成本，且具有可變速比及故障診斷功能之驅動器。首先，本論文分析三相永磁無刷馬達操作於wye結線模式與delta結線模式之不同性能表現，並提出一適用於永磁無刷馬達wye/delta繞組之泛用型驅動架構。其次，設計一組應用於永磁無刷馬達之兩段式電子變速器，以改善傳統機械式變速之效率低、體積大等問題。最後為了有效提升驅動系統之可靠度，本論文特別針對霍爾元件故障、馬達繞組缺相與變頻器缺相等常見之故障進行探討，並提出一種適用於三相永磁無刷馬達之新型無電流感測器缺相診斷法。相較於現行使用電流感測器的診斷技術而言，本論文所提出之缺相診斷架構無須採用電流感測器與繁雜之數學運算，因此非常適用於輕型電動載具等低價位之載具應用場合。由理論分析及實驗結果可驗證本論文所提之相關技術的可行性。

Due to the energy saving and carbon reduction, this thesis presents the design and implementation of a cost effective drive system with variable speed ratio and fault diagnostic for electric scooters. Firstly, the characteristics comparison of PM brushless motors with wye and delta winding connections are shown by extensive analysis, and a wye/delta universal drive scheme suitable for PM brushless motors is proposed. Secondly, a novel electric two-speed transmission system is designed to improve the efficiency and bulky volume of mechanical transmission. Finally, in order to improve the reliability of the commutation process, this thesis has a discussion on the fault characteristics of hall sensors, windings, and inverter, and also proposes a new diagnostic scheme of open phase fault for three-phase PM brushless motors. By this diagnostic approach, it is very suitable for low cost
applications, such as electric scooters, due to the reduction of the costly current sensors and the complex calculation in the conventional solution. Theoretical analysis and experiments are conducted to evaluate the
effectiveness of the presented technique.

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