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研究生：	陳泰安 Chen, Tai-An
論文名稱：	陳化與養護製程對鹼激發玻璃無機膠結材性質之影響 Effects of Aging and Curing Processes on the Property of Alkali-Activated Glass Inorganic Binders
指導教授：	黃忠信 Huang, Jong-Shin
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 土木工程學系 Department of Civil Engineering
論文出版年：	2016
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	193
中文關鍵詞：	玻璃廢棄物、鹼激發、無機聚合、鹼活化液、陳化、活化能
外文關鍵詞：	waste glass, alkali-activation, inorganic polymer, alkali-activator, aging, activation energy
相關次數：	點閱：207 下載：5
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無機聚合物耗能小且擁有優越物理與化學性質，但受限於原料價格昂貴，其仍無法取代波特蘭水泥。而容器玻璃含有高量SiO2 ，此廢棄物具有作為無機聚合膠結材原料之潛能。本研究乃利用鹼激發原理，將鈉石灰容器玻璃應用為無機聚合膠結材之原料，以降低無機聚合膠結材之成本。
試驗結果發現，以高溫陳化方式促進玻璃結構解離，溶出後續聚合反應所需之矽酸鹽，如此，鹼活化液中不必添加矽酸鈉，即可拌製玻璃質無機膠結材，例如鹼當量3%時，經適當陳化程序，其4天抗壓強度可高達136.82 MPa；或以簡易製程，亦不添加矽酸鈉，僅控制養護條件，藉由較高pH值的NaOH溶液，溶出後續聚合反應所需之矽酸鹽，例如鹼當量5%時，經適當養護程序，其抗壓強度可高達109.84 MPa，免除使用高溫陳化製程。且不同顏色容器玻璃所製成鹼激發玻璃無機膠結材，具有近似抗壓強度，選用不同比例顏色玻璃調整所製成無機膠結材之外觀顏色，以達到建築結構外觀所需符合顏色，與水泥顏色相似的試體，其抗壓強度皆可達70 MPa以上，與現今混凝土建築外觀顏色並無太大差異，此新型建材無論強度或外觀上皆能為大眾接受。本論文研究結果發現，養護條件與試體長齡期抗壓強度有關，過高的養護溫度或過長的養護時間，皆不利於製作鹼激發玻璃無機膠結材。

Inorganic polymers consume little energy and have excellent physical and chemical properties; however, they are limited by the high costs of raw materials and thus are still unable to replace Portland cement. Container glass has a high amount of SiO2, and waste container glass has the potential to become the raw material for producing inorganic polymeric binders. This study uses the principle of alkali activation and utilizes soda-lime glass as a raw material for inorganic polymeric binders in order to reduce the costs of their production.
The results showed that the microstructural decomposition of soda-lime glass can be promoted through a high temperature aging process which helps to dissolve the silicates required for subsequent polymerization. Therefore, an alkali activating solution can produce glass-based inorganic polymeric binders without adding sodium silicate. For example, when the alkali-equivalent content is 3%, the four-day compressive strength of glass-based inorganic polymeric binders can reach 136.82 MPa by using appropriate aging process. By changing the curing conditions and using NaOH solution with a relatively high pH value, soda-lime glass can also dissolve to provide the silicates required for later polymerization through a simple process, so alkali activating solution can be used to produce glass-based inorganic polymeric binders without adding sodium silicate. For instance, when the alkali-equivalent content is 5% then after a suitable curing process, the four-day compressive strength of glass-based inorganic polymeric binders can be up to 109.84 MPa. The glass-based polymeric binders made from the container glasses of different colors without using a high temperature aging process have similar compressive strengths. Colored glasses can be mixed in different ratios so that the color of the resulting inorganic polymeric binder can be adjusted. The alkali-activated glass inorganic binders made from amber colored glass are most similar in color to cement, and the binders have a compressive strength of up to 70 MPa. The binders look very similar to the concrete currently used in construction, and thus it is anticipated that this new type of construction material will be accepted by the public because of its strength and appearance. The long term compressive strength of the specimen is correlated with the curing conditions. Excessively high curing temperature or long curing duration are not suitable for producing alkali-activated glass inorganic binders.

Abstract	I
Acknowledgements	V
Table of Contents	VI
List of Tables	XI
List of Figures	XIII
Nomenclature	XX
Chapter 1 Introduction	1
1	Research motivation	1
2	Research purpose	2
3	Outline	4
Chapter 2 Literature Review	7
1	Current situation of waste glassware and ways of reuse	7
1.1	Use in cement concrete	8
1.2	Use in bituminous concrete	10
1.3	Other uses	11
2	Composition, structure and properties of glass	12
2.1	Composition and structure of glass	12
2.2	Glass erosion	13
3	Alkali-activated binder	17
3.1	Alkali activated slag cement	19
3.2	Inorganic polymeric binder	22
3.3	Factors influencing binder alkali excitation properties	30
3.4	Related alkali-activated reaction	34
4	Current situation of alkali-activated glass inorganic binders	36
Chapter 3 Effects of Activator and Aging Process on the Compressive Strengths of Alkali-Activated Glass Inorganic Binders	46
1	Materials and experimental methods	46
1.1	Waste glass powders	46
1.2	Activator	47
1.3	Normal process	48
1.4	Aging process	49
2	Results and discussion	50
2.1	Optimal AE% and Ms for normal process	50
2.2	Effects of aging temperature and duration in the aging process	52
2.3	Effects of AE% in aging process	56
2.4	Effects of aging process	57
3	Summary	59
Chapter 4 An Activation Energy Approach for the Aging Temperature and Duration Dependences of Alkali-Activated Glass Inorganic Binders	70
1	Materials and experimental methods	70
1.1	Waste glass powder	70
1.2	Activator	71
1.3	Aging process	71
1.4	Activation energy for dissolution and polycondensation reactions	71
2	Results and discussion	74
2.1	Effects of AE% on compressive strength under aging process	74
2.2	Effects of AE% on strength development rate	76
2.3	Activation energies of the aging process	78
3	Summary	80
Chapter 5 Compressive Strengths of Alkali-Activated Glass Inorganic Binders Affected by Activator and Curing Conditions under the Optimal Aging Process	95
1	Materials and experimental methods	95
1.1	Waste glass powder	95
1.2	Aging process	96
1.3	Curing process	96
1.4	Application of Arrhenius equation to analyze curing effectiveness	97
1.5	Specimen strength development	98
2	Results and discussion	98
2.1	Effects of AE% in the curing process	98
2.2	Effects of curing process on compressive strength	99
2.3	Investigation of curing dynamics	102
2.4	Effects of curing process on long-term strength development	103
3	Summary	105
Chapter 6 Effects of Curing Temperature and Duration on the Compressive Strengths of Alkali-Activated Glass Inorganic Binders	115
1	Materials and experimental methods	115
1.1	Waste glass powders	115
1.2	Activators	116
1.3	Simple process	116
1.4	Curing process	116
1.5	Compressive strength development	117
1.6	Glass Si and Al dissolution test	117
2	Results and discussion	118
2.1	Effects of curing duration for simple process	119
2.2	Effects of curing temperature on the compressive strength	121
2.3	Effects of AE% in activator under the simple process	124
2.4	Effects of curing process on specimen long-term strength development	126
2.5	Effects of AE% under the simple process or aging process	128
2.6	Effects of the simple process	129
2.7	The correlation between Si/Al ratio and compressive strength	131
3	Summary	132
Chapter 7 Effects of Chemical and Physical Properties of Glass on the Appearance and Compressive Strength of Alkali-Activated Glass Inorganic Binders	153
1	Materials and experimental methods	153
1.1	Waste glass powder	154
1.2	Activator	154
1.3	Normal process	155
1.4	Aging process	155
1.5	Curing Process	155
2	Results and discussion	156
2.1	The effects of AE% and Ms on compressive strength and appearance	156
2.2	Effects of powder fineness on compressive strength and appearance	158
2.3	Effects of glass color on compressive strength and appearance	161
2.4	Effects of aging temperature on compressive strength and appearance	162
2.5	Effects of aging duration on compressive strength and appearance	163
2.6	Effects of curing temperature on compressive strength and appearance	164
2.7	Effects of curing duration on compressive strength and appearance	166
2.8	Cost finding of alkali-activated glass inorganic binders	167
3	Summary	168
Chapter 8 Conclusions and Suggestions	181
1	Conclusions	181
2	Suggestions	182
References	185

                                    

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