研究目的：過去研究指出視覺觀點取替是重要的社會認知功能（如同理心、心智理論）之基礎能力，且有可能會受到個體的自我建構影響，但至今仍未有學者直接討論這兩者之間的關係。因此，本研究欲探討自我建構對於視覺觀點取替的影響，並通過功能性磁振造影初步窺探其背後所涉及的腦神經歷程。

方法：本研究最終納入29名成年人。通過自我建構量表得分進行分組，以單一自我建構分為「獨立自我建構」以及「相依自我建構」之高低組；考量雙重自我建構下分為「低獨立低相依」、「低獨立高相依」、「高獨立低相依」、「高獨立高相依」，並採用修改版指導者作業測量其視覺觀點取替能力，包含「選擇關鍵物品(OBJ)」及「選擇移動方向(DIR)」情境。

結果：在單一自我建構，「獨立自我建構」高者在OBJ中代入他人觀點的表現較差，此部分涉及primary motor cortex及cingulate gyrus；DIR中自我觀點的條件下反應速度更快，並涉及inferior frontal gyrus及middle frontal gyrus。以雙重自我建構進行分組，則發現「高獨立高相依組」比「低獨立高相依組」在OBJ他人觀點的表現更差，但無明顯腦區活化差異，而DIR自我觀點的情況下則發現「高獨立低相依組」反應速度比「低獨立低相依組」更快，這與supramarginal gyrus, precentral gyrus, occipital subgyral, transverse temporal gyrus的活化有關。

結論：不同自我建構確實在視覺觀點取替中表現有所差異，且在部分條件下可以看到腦區活化的差異。推測可能是受到「獨立自我建構」專注於自身而較少關注身邊的人之特質有關，使「獨立自我建構高」者在代入他人視角時，額外投入更多注意力於自我觀點；在從自我觀點出發時，則通過偵測目標物並操作空間記憶，幫助其反應得更快速。雙重自我建行分組下，則考量了另一自我建構之比例所帶來的影響，且所涉及的腦區也與單一自我建構不相同，顯示有討論雙重自我建構之必要性。

Visual perspective taking is an ability that imagines the viewpoint of the other person, and it may be influenced by the self-construal, a self-concept which defines the self, other and the relationship between self and other. This study investigated the impact of self-construal on visual perspective taking and the brain activity involved. Twenty-nine participants were recruited and assigned by single self-construal (IND/INTER) and dual self-construal (high or low IND+INTER) according to their score on each dimension in the Self-Construal Scale (SCS). While scanning their brain activity, they performed the modified version of director task, which included two situations of visual perspective taking including choose the target object (situation: OBJ) and judge the direction of the object (situation: DIR) according to the position of the director. The t-test analysis demonstrated that low IND has better performance in visual perspective taking and has lower activation in the primary motor cortex and cingulate gyrus compared with high IND. However, the high IND group were response faster on the self-perspective in DIR, and have higher activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus and middle frontal gyrus. By using the dual self-construal grouping, the ANOVA reported a significant group effect in the accuracy of visual perspective taking in OBJ and response time of self-perspective taking condition in DIR. The post hoc revealed a similar pattern with single dimension grouping, but different brain activation pattern, the result was discussed.

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