台灣平均每7.6個新生兒中，就有一位母親是外籍或是大陸人士，國內目前關於外籍子女氣質之研究仍然闕如。本研究目的為比較越南籍與台灣籍母親心理健康、社會支持、家庭環境及其幼兒困難氣質特徵之差異，以及探討越南籍母親之人口學、心理健康、社會支持及家庭環境與其幼兒困難氣質特徵之相關性。研究方法採橫斷式研究設計，共取得105個樣本，分別為55名越南籍，50名台灣籍。以家訪及輔以回覆翻譯(back translation)之越南文量表進行資料收集。所收集資料以t 檢定、卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關及複迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。
研究結果發現：(1) 越南籍母親的心理健康、社會支持及家庭環境均顯著低台灣籍母親，另外兩組幼兒困難氣質特徵在規律性、趨避性、適應性、反應強度四項皆達顯著差異。(2)越南籍母親心理健康與其幼兒適應性、情緒本質達顯著正相關，而母親社會支持與其幼兒趨避性、適應性、反應強度、情緒本質達輕至中度負相關，另外所提供的家庭環境刺激與其幼兒的趨避性、適應性、反應強度皆達中度負相關。(3)越南籍母親社會支持每增加一分，幼兒成為困難教養類型的機率會降為 .769倍，與台灣組幼兒相比，越南組幼兒為困難教養類型的危險比(Risk ratio)為7.42倍。本研究結果可提供社區健康照護專業人員未來擬定外籍配偶衛生教育計畫之參考與依據。

One of every 7.6 newborns in Taiwan has a foreign mother. There has been little study of the temperament of foreign mother born children in Taiwan. The purposes of this study were to compare the mental health, social support, home environment and toddlers’ difficult temperament in Vietnamese mothers and Taiwanese mothers and explore the relationships among mental health, social support, home environment and toddlers’ difficult temperament in Vietnamese mothers. A cross-sectional design was used as the research method in this study to investigate the factors relating to the mothers and the toddlers’ difficult temperament in 55 Vietnamese and 50 Taiwanese mother-child pairs. The research data was collected by survey-interviews and questionnaires to estimate the home environment and parent-child interaction situations. The data was analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and multiple regressions.
The major findings of the study included: (1)Vietnamese mothers scored lower on mental health, social support, and home environment than their Taiwanese counterparts. Vietnamese mothers’ and Taiwanese mothers’ toddlers showed different characteristics of difficult temperament in rhythmicity, approach/withdrawal, adaptability and intensity of reaction. (2)Significant correlations were found between mental health of Vietnamese mothers, and adaptability and mood of their toddlers. Negative correlations were minor to moderate between social support of Vietnamese mothers, and approach/withdrawal, adaptability, intensity of reaction and mood of their toddlers. Furthermore, moderate negative correlations were found between home environment of Vietnamese mothers, and approach/withdrawal, adaptability and intensity of reaction of their toddlers. (3)The probability of toddlers’ belonging to the difficult parenting type decreased by .749 for every one point increase in social support of Vietnamese mothers. Compared to Taiwanese toddlers, the risk ratio of Vietnamese toddlers’ being of difficult parenting type was 7.42 times more. These results could be used as a reference by community health nursing specialists drafting health education programs aimed at foreign spouses.

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