隨著近年來自動駕駛技術的逐漸成熟，許多相關產業及應用也因此獲得發展，其中，利用無人貨運車進行貨物的運輸或販售成為一個重要的研究方向。然而，在許多國家由於道路複雜或政府交通法規的限制，自動駕駛技術開發廠商可能難以將其自動駕駛產品在公路上做直接測試。因此，本篇論文提出一個結合行動應用程式與城市交通模擬軟體的貨運模擬系統，利用程式設定的貨物排程機制，模擬使用者實際的使用情境，以便讓業者在產品實際上路前，能有個預先進行測試的平台。廠商可以在模擬程式中，嵌入自己的路徑規劃演算法及派車機制，對運輸成效進行評估。本系統結合了我們開發的應用程式架構，以手機輸入的物流訂單傳入模擬環境，從而在使用者互動情境下模擬更真實的情境。在本篇論文中，以一個城市範圍的即時性貨物運輸服務作為例子，設定一個即時貨物運送排程機制，並建立資料庫以及模擬器與行動應用程式的連線介面，進行完整流程的測試（包括貨物的收取與送達）。測試的結果顯示，本系統對於一般貨運應用程式有一定的相容性，且對於貨物配送的演算法有著可靈活擴充的優點。

With the development of self-driving technology in the recent years, a lot of related industries and the applications gradually popped up. Among the applications, the freight transport and the sale of driverless trucks became a crucial research topic. However, due to the complexity of the road network and the constraint of traffic regulations, selfdriving technology development companies have the difficulties with the complete system integration. Therefore, this thesis proposes a mobile application in a self-driving delivery emulation system. By using the dispatching mechanism, the application simulates the real user scenario of the parcel delivery service. As a result, the application can be viewed as a test platform before the autonomous vehicle is officially launched. In the system, self-driving technology development companies can implement their own path planning algorithms and evaluate the effectiveness of the delivery process. Moreover, the user can interact with the system by the parcel delivery order from the mobile device, which makes the delivery situation more realistic. The thesis implements a real-time parcel delivery service in urban-scale areas, builds a database, and establishes the communication interface between the simulator and the mobile application. Besides, the service contains the whole delivery process, which includes the pick-up and unloading tasks of parcels. Finally, the simulation result shows the compatibility for the ordinary delivery applications and offered the flexibility to adjust different logistics planning algorithms.

[1] “Key Findings from the 2019 Online Marketplaces Report,” 2019, URL: https://www.digitalcommerce360.com/industry-resource/key-findings-from-the2019-online-marketplaces-report/ [accessed: July 10, 2019].
[2] “U.S. Courier, Express and Parcels Market,” 2019, URL: https://www.statista.com/topics/4063/courier-express-and-parcels-cep-marketin-the-united-states/ [accessed: July 10, 2019].
[3] L. Jiang, C. Liang, J. Dong, W. Lu, and M. Mladenovic, “A Disruption Recovery Problem with Time Windows Change in the Last Mile Delivery of Online Shopping,” Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol. 2018, pp. 1–10, 2018.
[4] United Nations-Department of Economic and Social Affairs-Population Division, “The World ’s Cities in 2018 - Data Booklet,” The World ’s Cities in 2018 - Data Booklet, 2018.
[5] M. Savelsbergh and T. Van Woensel, “City Logistics: Challenges and Opportunities,” Transportation Science, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 579–590, Feb. 2016.
[6] T. G. Crainic, T. Bekt, T. G. Crainic, and T. V. Woensel, “From Managing Urban Freight to Smart City Logistics Networks,” May 2015.
[7] G. Habault, Y. Taniguchi, and N. Yamanaka, “Delivery Management System Based on Vehicles Monitoring and a Machine-Learning Mechanism,” in Proceedings of 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall). IEEE, Aug. 2018, pp. 1–5.
[8] K. Ewedairo, P. Chhetri, J. Dodson, and S. Rahman, “Building Last Mile Delivery Scenarios: A Case Study of Melbourne,” in Proceedings of 2018 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, Dec. 2018, pp. 32–35.
[9] M. Hochstenbach, C. Notteboom, B. Theys, and J. De Schutter, “Design and Control of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Autonomous Parcel Delivery with Transition from Vertical Take-off to Forward Flight – VertiKUL, a Quadcopter Tailsitter,” International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 395–405, Dec. 2015.
[10] T. Niels, M. T. Hof, and K. Bogenberger, “Design and Operation of an Urban Electric Courier Cargo Bike System,” in Proceedings of 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, Nov. 2018, pp. 2531–2537.
[11] G. Cheng, D. Guo, J. Shi, and Y. Qin, “Planning City-Wide Package Distribution Schemes Using Crowdsourced Public Transportation Systems,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 1234–1246, Dec. 2019.
[12] A. Buchegger, K. Lassnig, S. Loigge, C. M¨uhlbacher, and G. Steinbauer, “An Autonomous Vehicle for Parcel Delivery in Urban Areas,” in Proceedings of 2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC). IEEE, Nov. 2018, pp. 2961–2967.
[13] M. W. Ulmer and S. Streng, “Same-Day Delivery with Pickup Stations and Autonomous Vehicles,” Computers and Operations Research, vol. 108, pp. 1–19, Aug. 2019.
[14] M. Kocsis, J. Buyer, N. Sußmann, R. Z¨ollner, and G. Mogan, “Autonomous Grocery Delivery Service in Urban Areas,” in Proceedings of 2017 IEEE 19th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications. IEEE, Dec. 2017, pp. 186–191.
[15] S. N. Hetu, V. S. Hamishagi, and L.-S. Peh, “Similitude: Interfacing a Traffic Simulator and Network Simulator with Emulated Android Clients,” in Proceedings of 2014 IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2014-Fall). IEEE, Sept. 2014, pp. 1–7.
[16] “Worldwide Smartphone Shipment OS Market Share Forecase,” URL: https://www.statista.com/topics/4063/courier-express-and-parcels-cep-marketin-the-united-states/ [accessed: July 10, 2019].
[17] M. Behrisch, L. Bieker, J. Erdmann, and D. Krajzewicz, “Sumo–Simulation of Urban Mobility: an Overview,” in Proceedings of SIMUL 2011, The Third International Conference on Advances in System Simulation. ThinkMind, Oct. 2011.
[18] A. Wegener, M. Pi´orkowski, M. Raya, H. Hellbr¨uck, S. Fischer, and J.-P. Hubaux, “Traci: an Interface for Coupling Road Traffic and Network Simulators,” in Proceedings of the 11th communications and networking simulation symposium. ACM, Apr. 2008, pp. 155–163.
[19] M. Haklay and P. Weber, “OpenStreet Map: User-generated Street Maps,” IEEE Pervasive Computing, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 12–18, Oct. 2008.