本研究整理過去的文獻，歸納出「夥伴間的配適度」、「跨國合資企業本身的特性」、以及「環境不確定性」等三個可能會影響跨國合資企業績效之構面，比較三大構面中不同因素對跨國合資企業績效的影響，以了解哪一項因素對跨國合資企業的績效扮演較關鍵的角色。
在衡量跨國合資企業的績效時，本研究採用跨國合資企業之存活狀態做為衡量變數。本研究從SDC資料庫中蒐集1998至2002年間由美國公司所成立之跨國合資企業為樣本，觀察其至2007年12月31日為止是否仍存活。在篩選樣本時，本研究依循下列四個篩選順序：（1）跨國合資企業的母公司須為二家不同國籍的公司，且其中一家必為美國公司。（2）跨國合資企業成立的地點須限於單一國家，即此跨國合資企業只在一個國家營運。（3）刪除跨國合資企業之狀態為未成立之樣本。（4）刪除資料不完整的樣本，最終剩下117筆有效樣本。之後，進行羅吉斯迴歸分析以檢定研究假說是否成立。
由實證分析結果得知，若只探討個別構面對跨國合資企業存活與否之影響的結果並不顯著，但若同時探討三個構面對跨國合資企業存活與否之影響則有顯著效果。其中，國家文化距離對跨國合資企業之存活有正向影響；投資國家的風險程度以及產業不確定性對跨國合資企業之存活有負向影響；垂直合資的企業則比水平合資的企業容易存活。若就個別因素對跨國合資企業之存活與否的重要性而言，產業不確定性對跨國合資企業能否存活扮演最重要的角色；若就三個構面對跨國合資企業之存活與否的重要性而言，環境不確定性對跨國合資企業能否存活扮演最重要的角色。

The purpose of this thesis is to understand how interpartner fit, international joint venture (IJV) characteristics, and environmental uncertainty affect IJV performance which, in line with prior studies, is assessed by looking at whether an IJV (established between 1998 and 2002) still survives at the end of 2007, and which one of these factors plays the most important role in affecting IJV performance.
In all, this thesis compiled a sample of 117 IJVs. Sampling process was proceeded following four criteria. First, IJV partners are from different countries and one of them must be US firms. Second, an IJV must be operated within one specific country. Third, IJVs that were pending or just announced and had not yet been formed were not considered. Last, only the IJVs containing complete data required for analyses in this study are included.
Empirical results find that individual dimensions of factors do not significantly determine whether IJVs can last or not. Nevertheless, the combined effects of the three dimensions of factors on IJV outcomes are statistically significant. Specifically, the results show that national cultural distance has a positive influence on IJV survival while investment country risk and industrial uncertainty have negative impacts. Moreover, the IJVs formed by partners from industries with different four-digit standard industrial classification codes are more likely to remain in operations than those formed by firms from the same industries. As to the magnitude of importance of each dimension, overall environmental uncertainty is found to have the most significant influence.

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