背景：肛門感染人類乳突病毒(Human Papilloma Virus, HPV)會造成肛門濕疣、肛門癌前變化及肛門癌，男性HIV 感染者不論是肛門合併感染HPV及肛門相關病變盛行率均顯著較一般人高。
目的：調查男性愛滋病毒 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV)感染者肛門處感染HPV之盛行率及其類型，並預測男性HIV感染者感染HPV的危險因子。
方法：本研究為橫斷面相關性研究，研究對象為南部某醫學中心門診追蹤之男性HIV 病人，使用肛門抹片採檢並以PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)方式分析受檢者感染HPV 類型及估計感染不同類型HPV 的盛行率，並以病歷回顧收集HIV 病程進展的相關資料及自填式結構式問卷收集HPV感染的危險因子。
結果：共198位男性HIV 感染者接受肛門採檢及問卷，肛門感染不分類型HPV盛行率為74.2%，高危險型HPV：40.4%，低危險型HPV：18.2%，多重感染型HPV: 6.1%，最常見類型依序為HPV 16 (12.1%), 6 (10.1%), 11 (7.1%)及18型(6.1%)。半年內性伴侶數大於三位是預測男性HIV 感染者感染不分類型及高危險型HPV 的主要危險因素，而過去有肛門病史為男性HIV感染者感染低危險型HPV的主要危險因素。
結論：男性HIV 感染者肛門感染HPV 盛行率高，性伴侶越多或過去有肛門病史為HIV 感染者感染HPV 之危險因子，應針對HIV 感染者加強宣達安全性行為的重要性並定期給予肛門檢查以早期發現提早治療肛門疾病。

Background: Persons infected with HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) on the anus would probably cause anal condyloma, anal precancerous lesions and anal cancer. The risk of infecting with HPV on the anus and anal lesions among HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) - infected men obviously higher than non- HIV infected men.
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of anal HPV infection among HIV-infected men.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. We collected adult HIV- infected men from outpatient clinics of the division of infectious in a southern medical center. We used anal swab to collect data and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) analyzed the types of anal HPV infection. The progression of HIV disease was collected by chart review and a self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data about sexual behavior of participants.
Results: Any type HPV DNA was detected in 74.2 % of the 198 participants, high risk type infection (40.4%), low risk type (18.2%) and multiple type (6%). The most common types were HPV 16 (13.1%), 6 (10.4%), 11 (7.1%)及18 (6.1%). Both of the risk factors for any type and high risk type HPV infection among HIV-infected men were sexual partners ≧3 in the preceding six months. The risk factor for low risk type anal HPV infection was history of anal lesions.
Conclusions: There was a high anal HPV infection among HIV- infected men. Risk factors for HIV- infected men were sexual partners ≧3 in the preceding six months and history of anal lesions. We should promote education of preventing HPV and early detect anal HPV infection to find anal lesions in the early.

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