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研究生: 洪尚銘
Hong, Shang-Ming
論文名稱: 雷射追蹤儀的誤差分析
Error Analysis of Laser Tracker
指導教授: 林昌進
Lin, Psang-Dain
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 73
中文關鍵詞: 雷射追蹤儀誤差
外文關鍵詞: Laser Tracker, error
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  • 雷射追蹤技術目前已經被廣泛運用在許多領域,在量測方面,以雷射追蹤技術為基礎所發展的雷射追蹤儀,可用於執行大型物體精密量測及大型物體曲面模型建構等工作。由於裝配誤差等因素,量測精度無法媲美三次元量床,儘管雷射追蹤儀有較大的便利性,仍無法完全取代三次元量床。

    本文先對雷射追蹤儀進行概略介紹,接著利用齊次座標轉換法和歪斜光線追蹤法,對雷射追蹤儀進行光學建模,並且使用雷射追蹤儀校正參數,嘗試修正儀器本身之裝配誤差。接著進行模擬,比較模擬前後(1)編碼器水平旋轉角、(2)垂直旋轉角、(3)雷射追蹤儀至目標回射器距離三者的差異性,期望能夠提升雷射追蹤儀的量測精度。

    Laser tracking technique has widely used in many fields. For measurement, Coordinate Measurement Laser Trackers (CMLT) based on Laser tracking technique can be applied to precision measuring and surface modeling of large objects. Although CMLT is more convenient than CMM, CMLT’s precision is compromised by errors during manufacture and operation, so CMLT can’t take the place of CMM completely.

    In the first instance, this study introduces the CMLT, and then it presents a skew ray tracing method and homogeneous coordinate transformation matrices for optical modeling of CMLT. The study also uses the Laser tracker alignment parameter to align the errors of the CMLT. In the end, we simulate (1) The horizontal angle of the encoder (2)The vertical angle of the encoder (3) The distance between CMLT and Reflectors, with or without the Laser tracker alignment parameter. We hope the study can optimize the measurement precision of CMLT.

    中文摘要 ...........................................I 英文摘要 ..........................................II 誌謝 .........................................III 目錄 ..........................................IV 表目錄 .........................................VII 圖目錄 ........................................VIII 符號說明 ..........................................XI 第一章 研究目的與背景...............................1 1.1 研究目的.........................................1 1.2 齊次座標轉換.....................................2 1.3 雷射追蹤技術之應用...............................4 1.4 雷射追蹤儀文獻回顧...............................5 1.5 本文架構.........................................6 第二章 1300A雷射追蹤器..............................12 2.1 1300A雷射追蹤器概略介紹 .........................12 2.2 雷射與反射鏡....................................14 2.3 雷射干涉儀......................................14 2.4 位置感測器......................................15 2.5 伺服馬達及編碼器................................15 2.5.1 伺服馬達......................................15 2.5.2 編碼器........................................16 2.6 雷射追蹤器外部裝置..............................17 2.6.1 回射器........................................17 2.6.2 Reflector carrier.............................18 2.6.3 球桿..........................................18 2.7 量測基本原理....................................19 第三章 雷射追蹤儀的光學建模 .........................33 3.1 雷射追蹤儀之構造................................33 3.2 雷射追蹤儀之座標設定............................34 3.3 雷射光束經過垂直角鏡後之光線追蹤................39 第四章 雷射追蹤儀誤差分析...........................50 4.1 球桿座標系與雷射追蹤儀座標系....................50 4.2 無校正參數情況下之分析..........................51 4.3 引入校正參數情況下之分析........................54 4.4 有無校正參數下之比較............................55 第五章 結論與展望...................................69 5.1 結論............................................69 5.2 未來展望........................................70 參考文獻............................................71 自述................................................73

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