在本研究中整合一個觸媒反應器，並且充填實驗室自製白金 γ-氧化鋁球觸媒，在供應異丙醇作為主要燃料之前，觸媒反應器使用貧油預混氫氣混合器進行預熱，當觸媒反應器入口反應器溫度達到異丙醇的著火溫度時，燃料系統切換到異丙醇供應系統，其燃料混合物仍然保持貧油預混。本研究中主要收集溫度變化取線並用於進一步分析，一般來說，可以發到不同操作條件下反應器中溫度的變化，當總流量或當量比發生變化時，主要反應區的位置以及轉化率也會發生變化，較低的混合物進料流速會導致停留時間增加，進而使轉化率增加，且其數值接近100%。結果中也可以發現，在空氣流量固定的情況下，隨著燃料流量的增加，可用能破壞會增加。另一方面，當當量比保持恆定時，可用能破壞隨著混合物進料流量的增加而減少。此外，溫度的訊息亦應用於動力學分析以評估異丙醇觸媒燃燒的活化能。

In the present study, a catalytic reactor was fabricated and filled with lab-made platinum γ-alumina beads. Before supplying isopropanol as fuel, the catalytic reactor was preheated by lean premixed hydrogen mixtures. As the reactor temperature at the inlet of the catalytic reactor reached ignition temperature of isopropanol, the fuel system was switched to an isopropanol supply system, and the fuel mixture was still kept lean premixed. Temperature traces were collected for further analysis. Generally, the temperature variations in the reactor for different operation conditions can be found. The location of the significant reaction zone and the conversion ratio were altered when the total flow rate or the equivalence ratio were varied. As the residence time was increased due to the lower mixture feed flow rate, the conversion ratio increased, and the value approached 100%. It can be found that, for the case of fixed airflow rate, the exergy destruction increased when the fuel flow rate was increased. On the other hand, as the equivalence ratio was constant, the exergy destruction decreased as the mixture feeding flow rate increased. In addition, the temperature information was also utilized for kinetic analysis to evaluate activation energy.

[1] P. Le Cloirec, "Les composés organiques volatils dans l’environnement. Technique et Documentation," 1998.
[2] S. Lee, M. Chiu, K. Ho, S. Zou, and X. Wang, "Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in urban atmosphere of Hong Kong," Chemosphere, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 375-382, 2002.
[3] W. Dechapanya, A. Eusebi, Y. Kimura, and D. T. Allen, "Secondary organic aerosol formation from aromatic precursors. 1. Mechanisms for individual hydrocarbons," Environmental science & technology, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 3662-3670, 2003.
[4] D. Han, Z. Wang, J. Cheng, Q. Wang, X. Chen, and H. Wang, "Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during non-haze and haze days in Shanghai: characterization and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation," Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol. 24, no. 22, pp. 18619-18629, 2017.
[5] R. Wang and J. Li, "Effects of precursor and sulfation on OMS-2 catalyst for oxidation of ethanol and acetaldehyde at low temperatures," Environmental science & technology, vol. 44, no. 11, pp. 4282-4287, 2010.
[6] L. Li, S. Liu, and J. Liu, "Surface modification of coconut shell based activated carbon for the improvement of hydrophobic VOC removal," Journal of hazardous materials, vol. 192, no. 2, pp. 683-690, 2011.
[7] H. Deng, S. Kang, J. Ma, L. Wang, C. Zhang, and H. He, "Role of Structural Defects in MnO x Promoted by Ag Doping in the Catalytic Combustion of Volatile Organic Compounds and Ambient Decomposition of O3," Environmental science & technology, vol. 53, no. 18, pp. 10871-10879, 2019.
[8] P.-A. Bourgeois et al., "Characterization of a new photocatalytic textile for formaldehyde removal from indoor air," Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol.128, pp. 171-178, 2012.
[9] S.-H. Kwon and D. Cho, "A comparative, kinetic study on cork and activated carbon biofilters for VOC degradation," Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 129-135, 2009.
[10] F. Holzer, U. Roland, and F.-D. Kopinke, "Combination of non-thermal plasma and heterogeneous catalysis for oxidation of volatile organic compounds: Part 1. Accessibility of the intra-particle volume," Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol.38, no. 3, pp. 163-181, 2002.
[11] X. Zhang et al., "The effect of different metal oxides on the catalytic activity of a Co 3 O 4 catalyst for toluene combustion: importance of the structure–property relationship and surface active species," New Journal of Chemistry, vol. 43, no. 27, pp. 10868-10877, 2019.
[12] Y. Gao, J. Xiao, J. Ye, X. Huo, and Y. Shen, "Catalytic oxidation of benzene over alumina-supported Cu-Mn-Ce mixed oxide catalysts," Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 54-64, 2020.
[13] H. Huang, Y. Xu, Q. Feng, and D. Y. Leung, "Low temperature catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds: a review," Catalysis Science & Technology, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 2649-2669, 2015.
[14] Y. Guo, M. Wen, G. Li, and T. An, "Recent advances in VOC elimination by catalytic oxidation technology onto various nanoparticles catalysts: a critical review," Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, vol. 281, p. 119447, 2021.
[15] V. Rassadin, O. Y. Shlygin, N. Likhterova, V. Slavin, and A. Zharov, "Problems in production of high-octane, unleaded automotive gasolines," Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 235-242, 2006.
[16] A. Keskin and M. Gürü, "The effects of ethanol and propanol additions into unleaded gasoline on exhaust and noise emissions of a spark ignition engine," Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, vol. 33, no. 23, pp. 2194-2205, 2011.
[17] M. F. Hordeski, Alternative fuels: the future of hydrogen. CRC Press, 2020.
[18] S. Prasad, A. Singh, and H. Joshi, "Ethanol as an alternative fuel from agricultural, industrial and urban residues," Resources, Conservation and Recycling, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 1-39, 2007.
[19] O. Demoulin, I. Seunier, M. Navez, and P. Ruiz, "Influence of the addition of H2 upon the behavior and properties of a Pd (2 wt.%)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst and a comparison with the case of the Pt-based catalyst," Applied Catalysis A: General, vol. 300, no. 1, pp. 41-49, 2006.
[20] O. Demoulin, M. Navez, and P. Ruiz, "Investigation of the behaviour of a Pd/γ Al2O3 catalyst during methane combustion reaction using in situ DRIFT spectroscopy," Applied Catalysis A: General, vol. 295, no. 1, pp. 59-70, 2005.
[21] C. A. Müller, M. Maciejewski, R. A. Koeppel, and A. Baiker, "Combustion of methane over palladium/zirconia: effect of Pd-particle size and role of lattice oxygen," Catalysis today, vol. 47, no. 1-4, pp. 245-252, 1999.
[22] G. Boreskov, "Catalytic activation of dioxygen," in Catalysis: Springer, 1982, pp. 39-137.
[23] G. I. Golodet͡s, "Heterogeneous catalytic reactions involving molecular oxygen," 1983.
[24] C.-Y. Wu, W.-C. Yu, and C.-C. Cheng, "Characteristics of Dimethyl Ether Oxidation in a Preheated Pt-γ-Al2O3 Catalytic Reactor," Combustion Science and Technology, pp. 1-20, 2020.
[25] R. Deja, R. Peters, L. Blum, and D. Stolten, "Study of the catalytic combustion of lean hydrogen-air mixtures in a monolith reactor," International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 43, no. 36, pp. 17520-17530, 2018.
[26] H. Chen, Y. Yan, Y. Shao, H. Zhang, and H. Chen, "Catalytic combustion kinetics of isopropanol over novel porous microfibrous‐structured ZSM‐5 coating/PSSF catalyst," AIChE Journal, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 620-630, 2015.