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研究生: 黃恭程
Huang, Kong-Chen
論文名稱: 快速GPS追蹤網解算集集大地震之地表變化
Rapid GPS Network Solution Applied to Surface Deformation Caused by Chi-Chi Earthquake
指導教授: 何慶雄
Ho, Ching-Shun
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工學院 - 航空太空工程學系
Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics
論文出版年: 2002
畢業學年度: 90
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 36
中文關鍵詞: 全球定位系統地表變化
外文關鍵詞: GPS, Surface Motion
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  • 臺灣位於高地震活動區域。全球定位系統(GPS)已經顯示可測量出地殼板塊變動。在得到變動量,以每日網路解方式證實為一可靠的方式。集集大地震重創了全島,並引發劇大地表變動。本研究的主要目標是尋找一種簡單的資料處理方法,能及時計算出變動量。
    為了快速去獲取集集大地震引起的變動,使用了中央氣象局的GPS資料,並採用兩種方法。第一種可稱為”無重疊解”,此解法是以相等的資料範圍,且在資料區段上並沒有重疊。總共有三種資料範圍,分別是兩小時、一個半小時和一小時。而第二種則為”重疊解”,並以一個半小時和一小時的相等資料區段下解算。每各資料區段上為每隔十五分鐘重疊。
    結果顯示兩小時和一個半小時解是足夠正確地去監測變動,而一小時解則有太大的誤差量。而以重疊解方式,能夠在短時間內提供解決辦法。因此,在本例中變動量能夠在十五分鐘監測出來。

    Taiwan locates in the area of high earthquake activities. The Global Positioning System (GPS) has been shown of measuring crustal deformation. The daily network approach has been proved to be a reliable method in obtaining the deformation. The Chi-Chi Earthquake stroked the island and induced a large surface deformation. The main goal of this research is to find a simple data processing approach to compute the deformation in time.

    In order to quickly obtain the deformation caused by Chi-Chi Earthquake with using Central Weather Bureau (CWB) GPS data, there are two approaches have been adopted. The first one is called "non-overlapped" in which the data is processed with equal data span and is no overlapped in data sets. There are three data spans of two hours, one and one half hours, and one hour. The second one is referred to as "overlapped" so that the overlapped data is processed with equal data span of one and one half hours. An overlapped data of fifteen minutes is applied to each data set.

    The results show that two-hour as well as one-and-one-half-hour solutions are accurate enough to monitor the deformation while the one-hour solution has much higher error. The overlapped approach is capable of providing the solutions with much short intervals. As a result, the deformation can be monitored in fifteen minutes in this case.

    論文摘要………………………………………………..I 英文摘要……………………………………………….II 致謝……………………………………………………III 目錄…………………………………………………...IV 表目錄………………………………………………...VI 圖目錄………………………………………………. VII 第一章 導論………………………………………… .1 1-1 研究動機………………………………………… .1 1-2 研究方法…………………………………………..2 1-3 研究目標…………………………………………..3 1-4 論文結構…………………………………………..3 第二章 GPS定位與資料處理………………………….4 2-1 觀測模式和定位………………………………… 4 2-2 一次差、二次差、三次差……………………… 5 2-3 雙頻訊號及其組合……………………………… 6 2-4 資料處理………………………………………… 6 2-5 Bernese程式說明……………………………… 7 第三章 研究資料收集與討論………………………. 9 3-1 資料收集與範圍………………………………… 9 3-2 誤差來源估測…………………………………… 9 3-3 本研究主要參數估算分析……………………… 11 第四章 解算結果與分析………………………… 12 4-1無重疊解相對於恆春基線變化………………… 12 4-2 無重疊解相對於其它站基線變化……………… 16 4-3 重疊解相對於恆春基線變化…………………… 17 4-4 地震前後天RMS值……………………………… 19 4-5 資料剔除量……………………………………… 20 第五章 結論與建議………………………………… 25 參考文獻……………………………………………… 26 自述………………………………………………… 36

    [1]中央氣象局,http://www.cwb.gov.tw。
    [2]中央研究院地球科學所,http://www.earth.sinica.edu.tw/
    [3]內政部地政司衛星測量中心,http://www.moidlassc.gov.tw/
    [4]IGS,http://igscb.jpl.nasa.gov/
    [5]JPL,http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/
    [6]SOPAC,http://sopac.ucsd.edu/
    [7]SCIGN,http://www.scign.org/
    [8]U.S. Geological Survey,http://www.usgs.gov/
    [9]Bennett, R. A. et al., Continuous GPS measurements of contemporary deformation across the northern Basin and Range province, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 563-566, 1998.
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    and Susan Owen,Miklius,”Volcano monitoring using the Global Positioning System”,Filtering strategies”,Journal of geophysical Research”,VOL.106,NO.0, pages 1–12, Month2001
    [12]W.E. Featherstone, M.C. Dentith,” Analysis of repeat-geodetic measurements in thesouth-west seismic zone, Western Australia。
    [13]Ching-Shun Ho,Chin-Tang Weng,Chi-Ching Liu,Jiunn-Hsyong,”Preliminary GPS Solutions in Measuring Surface Deformation Caused by 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake”,ION NTM 2001,22-24 January 2001,Long Beach,CA,p296~300。
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    [17]莊智清,黃國興,”電子導航”,全華出板社。
    [18]張瑞剛,”GPS測量學”,青雲出版社。
    [19]陳建安,<動態GPS法用於地面微小變動量之監測>;國立成功大學航空太空工程研究所碩士論文,台南,1996。
    [20]賀光鵬,<GPS預測軌道對於相對定位的影響>;國立成功大學航空太空工程研究所碩士論,台南,1998。
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