隨著「資訊與通訊技術（ICT）」的進步，組織期望員工能夠即時且遠端應對工作需求。為了迅速應對工作需求，員工常常會同時參與多項任務，稱為多工作業。一方面，組織相信這種方法可以最大程度地提升生產力。另一方面，文獻指出多工作業和生產力之間存在著倒U曲線關係。這種曲線關係與超載的概念有關，且績效最終會走下坡。然而，既有的量測工具皆無法用來評估工作場合中的因ICT而產生的多工作業所引起個體的認知負荷超載。因此，本研究的目標是提出一個工作場合中多工作業超載的測量工具。此外，本研究亦旨在實證研究過度多工作業並超過最佳水平的現象，從而阻礙員工的生產力。本研究在第一階段調查了382名全職工作者，探討了透過「抑制」、「工作記憶」和「轉換」這三種執行功能產生的認知結果。研究結果支持了三個因素（抑制問題、工作記憶問題、轉換問題）及16個問題的量測工具。在第二階段，本研究使用與第一階段研究收集的數據及驗證的量測工具進行分析，結果揭示了三個因素在多工作業輔助生產力和整體生產力方面產生的不同影響。如預期，工作記憶能力的降低對工作生產力產生了明顯的負面影響，無論是多工作業輔助生產力還是整體生產力。另一方面，抑制問題因素與員工生產力之間並無顯著關係。更具體地說，此因素對多工作業輔 助生產力有正面影響，但對整體生產力有負面影響，但兩種關係皆無達到統計上的顯著水平。出乎意料的是，結果顯示出轉換問題因素與兩種生產力之間存在顯著且正向的關聯。本研究在結論與建議中討論造成其結果的可能原因。

Due to the advancements in "information and communication technologies (ICTs)", organizations expect employees to react to work instantly and remotely. To promptly address work demands, employees often engage in multiple tasks simultaneously, known as multitasking. On one hand, organizations believe this approach maximizes productivity. On the other hand, the literature indicates that there is a curvilinear relationship between multitasking and productivity. This curvilinear relationship is associated with the concept of overload, which ultimately leads to reduced performance. However, none of the existing measures can be used to evaluate an individual's perception of cognitive overload due to the ICTs utilization in terms of multitasking. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose a measurement framework of multitasking overload in the workplace. It aims to empirically study the phenomenon where excessive multitasking surpasses an optimal level, resulting in hindering employees' productivity. Cognitive outcomes occurring through three executive functions: "inhibition", "working memory", and "shifting", were investigated in a sample of 382 full-time workers in Study 1. The results support the three-factor and the validated 16-item instrument. In Study 2, using the same dataset and the instrument from Study 1, the results reveal different impacts of the three factors on multitasking-aided productivity and overall productivity. As anticipated, the reduced ability of working memory had a significant negative impact on both types of work productivity. On the other hand, the inhibition problem factor had a positive impact on multitasking-aided productivity but a negative influence on overall productivity, although neither relationship was statistically significant. Surprisingly, the results revealed a significant and positive relationship between shifting problem and productivity. Possible explanations for the results are discussed at the end of the thesis.

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