隨著都市化發展與生活水準的提高，過量的垃圾堆置物可能對掩埋場襯層結構中的緩衝材料造成破壞，導致汙染滲濾液影響地下水生態系統。因此，在近年，使用加勁材料或添加劑來改善緩衝材料的力學性能顯得格外迫切。再加上，自2019年起，COVID-19的大流行導致大量的一次性口罩廢棄物產生，對垃圾堆置帶來新的負擔。有鑑於此，本研究嘗試評估一次性口罩纖維(FM)作為土壤加勁材料的潛能，並以膠體奈米二氧化矽(CN)作為複合材料的膠凝劑，期盼能透過纖維及奈米添加劑與土壤基質之間的相互作用，改善緩衝材料的力學性能。
本研究使用台南市安平區沿岸海砂與10%及15%的鈉基膨潤土製成兩種配比的緩衝材料，分別為SB10及SB15，並且在最大乾單位重及最佳含水量的條件下，與不同添加量之口罩纖維及膠體奈米二氧化矽添加劑混合後進行試驗，同時觀察試體在不同養護時間下對力學性能的改善。研究透過無圍壓縮試驗、單向度壓密試驗、自由回脹試驗及三維體積收縮試驗。
試驗結果表明，添加FM可以提高試樣的延展性，改善添加CN後應變較為脆性的行為，並於FM及CN混合添加後觀察到無圍壓縮強度的顯著提升，發揮複合材料性質互補的特性。同時，其他試驗中也觀察到，在試樣添加FM後，縮性限度得到改善，而添加CN後，試樣的壓密性、膨脹潛能也受到一定的控制。並於FM及CN混合使用後，特別是SB15且FM添加量0.5%及CN添加量15%的設計配比中，試樣整體之力學性質改善成效最為顯著。由於，本次試驗並未觀察到FM與CN的最佳使用量，未來可進行更多實驗與研究來驗證該添加材料使用的極限值。

With the development of urbanization, the excessive accumulation of waste may cause damage to the buffer material of the landfill, resulting in polluted leachate affecting the groundwater ecosystem. Therefore, in recent years, it is rather important to use reinforcements or additives to improve the mechanical properties of buffer materials. Since 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a large amount of disposable face mask waste, posing a threat to the global environment. In view of this, this study attempts to use disposable face mask (FM) to evaluate its potential as a soil reinforcement and by using colloidal nano-silica (CN) as a gelling agent for the composite materials. It is expected that the mechanical properties of buffer materials can be improved through the interactions of FM, CN, and the soil matrix.
In this study, two buffer materials, SB10 and SB15, were prepared by using sea sand mixed with 10% and 15% sodium bentonite. Different amounts of FM and CN were added to the buffer materials and their mechanical behaviors were evaluated. At the same time, the differences in the performance improvement of the samples under different curing times were observed.
This study examines the mechanical behavior of the reinforced buffer material through four tests. The results show that the addition of FM and CN increased the strength of the soil specimens. Both the ultimate compressive strength and failure stress were improved by increasing the contents of FM and CN in the soil mixture. In addition, compressibility, swelling potential and shrinkage limit were all well improved by the use of the additives. Based on the experimental results, the addition of FM and CN can improve the mechanical properties of the buffer materials.

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