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研究生： 王彩妮
Wang, Tsai-Ni
論文名稱： 高效率四波混頻介質的準相位匹配慢光傳播
Quasi-phase-matching slow light propagation in efficient four-wave mixing media
指導教授： 陳泳帆
Chen, Yong-Fan
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
論文出版年： 2020
畢業學年度： 108
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 88
中文關鍵詞： 電磁波引發透明 、量子干涉 、四波混頻 、平衡條件 、相位不匹配 、量子轉頻器
外文關鍵詞： ectromagnetically induced transparency, quantum interference, four-wave mixing, balance condition, phase mismatching, quantum frequency converter
相關次數： 點閱：188  下載：39 
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    • 我們的實驗使用反向雙Lambda型四波混頻，將一道波長780奈米的同調光，轉換為波長795奈米的同調光，並利用暗區自發力陷阱增大光學密度，以及利用調整雙光子調變達到準相位匹配的條件，最終在光學密度130的條件下，觀察到91.2%的轉換效率，證明此種系統可以實現高效率的頻率轉換。本篇論文先以理論角度討論四波混頻，比較不同的四波混頻轉頻系統並解釋我們為何選擇反向四波混頻，最後會說明我們在實驗上的觀察。

    Quantum frequency converter which can maintain the state of quantum bits during conversion is an important device in optical quantum information process. In this thesis, we theoretically study the efficient four-wave mixing scheme based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), including detuned four-wave mixing, spatially modulated four-wave mixing and backward four-wave mixing, then explain why we choose backward scheme to carry out wavelength conversion. After compensating phase mismatching by adjusting two photon detuning, we have observed 91.2% conversion efficiency (CE) using quasi-phase matching backward four-wave mixing scheme at an optical depth of 130 in cold rubidium atoms, which is almost the same as the theoretical prediction. Thus, this scheme has been confirm to be a highly potential way to realized quantum frequency converter.

    摘要i 英文延伸摘要ii 誌謝viii 目錄 ix 表目錄 xi 圖目錄 xii 第1章 緒論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 簡介. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 動機. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 第2章 基本理論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1 半古典模型-以二能階系統為例. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1.1. 光學布拉赫方程式. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1.2. 介質中的電磁波方程. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1.3. 二能階系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.2 電磁波引發透明. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.1. 同調居量捕捉. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2.2. 穩態解析解. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2.2.3. 暫態解. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2.2.4. 光儲存與暗態極激子. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.3 四波混頻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.3.1. 基本數學描述. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.3.2. 全共振順向系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.3.3. 基底轉換. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.3.4. 失諧順向系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 2.3.5. 空間緩變系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2.3.6. 反向系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 2.3.7. 相位不匹配效應. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 第3章 實驗系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.1 雷射穩頻系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3.2 冷原子系統. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 3.2.1. 磁光陷阱. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 3.2.2. 暗區自發力陷阱. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 3.3 電磁波引發透明能階選擇. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.3.1. 能階選擇. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.3.2. 拉比頻率估計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3.3.3. N 型能階結構與光偏移效應. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 3.4 四波混頻能階選擇. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 3.4.1. 能階選擇. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 3.4.2. 光偏移效應估計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 3.5 實驗方法. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 3.5.1. 光路架設. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 3.5.2. 引導光. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 3.5.3. 時序設計. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 第4章 結果與討論. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 4.1 電磁波引發透明. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 4.2 四波混頻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 4.2.1. Bright MOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 4.2.2. Dark Mot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 第5章 結論與未來展望. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84 參考文獻. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85 Appendix A 原子密度不均勻的影響. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87

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