台灣因特殊的地文與水文條件，同時具有大規模地震及高強度暴雨兩種崩塌誘發因子，造成山區嚴重的崩塌災害，並誘發後續嚴重的土石流運動。本研究以台灣百年最大之 921 集集地震為例，討論地震對於崩塌與土石流發生的影響，並持續分析震後逐年的變遷過程。
在崩塌發生特性的分析上，本研究採用福爾摩沙二號衛星影像，進行各幅影像間的校正工作，及崩塌誤判參考資料庫的修正，改進現有之衛星影像判釋精度，並以機率分布定量說明崩塌因子的特性轉變，其成果表示，崩塌坡度因子以 Weibull 機率分布為最佳分布型態，地震誘發之崩塌與降雨誘發崩塌相較，其 90% 發生區間上升約 5 度，偏態係數由正值轉為負值，表示機率分布型態向右側偏移，資料出現在高坡度的機率高於低坡度區域。且地震所誘發的崩塌地多出現於地表最大加速度的方向，與降雨多出現在迎風坡面的方向的成果不同，但在崩塌地質與高程因子的改變較不明顯，主要仍受到最大地表加速度分布的影響。
在土石流發生特性的分析中，本研究設置土石流現場觀測系統，並依據土石流發生之時間與位置，設置土石流臨界降雨基準線，其成果顯示，土石流的降雨門檻在地震之後的第一年急遽下降，其最大有效降雨量僅需地震前的 1/4，但此基準門檻隨著時間逐年回升，至 2006 年底，降雨門檻已經恢復至震前的 1/2。根據現場觀測與測量之成果，基準的變動與土石流發生區溪床上堆積土方量有直接的關係，地震時因新增崩塌帶來大量土砂，供應土石流發生所需之材料，降低土石流發生所需之降雨門檻，但隨時間推演，土砂材料因土石流運動之搬運而逐漸輸送至下游，無法供應土石流所需之土砂材料，故土石流臨界降雨基準線也隨之回升。
為討論土石流發生降雨門檻變遷與土砂材料堆積量間之關係，本研究修正 Takahashi 提出之土石流發生理論，推求高濃度濁水下，土石流發生臨界破壞水深的改變，其成果顯示，由於地震誘發崩塌所帶來的大量細微土砂顆粒，與逕流混和後形成高濃度含砂水流，降低溪床破壞所需之臨界水深，並由粒徑分析驗證理論之成果，說明地震後土石流發生降雨門檻降低的主要原因。

In Taiwan, both catastrophic earthquake and heavy rainfall are two triggering factors to cause landslides in mountainous area. The sediment materials caused serious debris flows in the subsequent typhoon season. Example for the Chi-Chi earthquake, this research discusses the influence of earthquake on the occurrence of landslide and debris flow, and analyzes the variation after the earthquake.
The FORMOSAT-II satellite images are applied to analyze the landslide characteristics. Spatial correction, unconfidence area confirmation, and improper area modification are proceeded to improve the precision of landslide areas. And the probability distributions are applied to analyze the variation of landslide characteristics. The result shows that the Weibull probability distribution is the best distribution to present the slope of landslide areas. The 90% confidence interval of earthquake caused landslides is greater than the rainfall caused ones, and the skewness is also varied from negative to positive. Both the results show that the slope of earthquake caused landslide areas is greater than rainfall caused ones. Furthermore, earthquake caused landslides mostly occurred on the aspects of major peak ground acceleration, but rainfall caused landslides mostly happened on the windward side of hills. The geology and elevation variations of landslides are not apparent.
This research also sets two observation system to analyze the debris flow characteristics. The critical rainfall threshold of debris flow is also established by the observation data. The result shows that the rainfall threshold was decreased suddenly in the first year after the Chi-Chi earthquake. The max effective precipitation was only 1/4 of the original one before the earthquake. However, this threshold was recovered with time. In the end of 2006, the max effective precipitation was recovered the 1/2 already. According to the observation data, the threshold variation was related to the deposited sediment materials in the watershed. Plenty of sediments, which were yield by earthquake caused landslides, provide the major materials to debris flow. So the rainfall threshold was lowered rapidly. But these sediments were transported to the downstream by debris flows or high concentration flows with time. The amount of sediment was too less to trigger a debris flow. And the rainfall threshold was recovered due to this phenomenon.
In order to discuss the relationship between rainfall threshold of debris flow and amount of sediment materials, this research modifies the occurring mechanism of debris flow by Takahashi. The variation of critical water depth to trigger a debris flow is derived under different concentration runoffs. The result shows that the runoff density after the Chi-Chi earthquake was increased because of fine particles. This high concentration runoff decreased the critical water depth to trigger a debris flow. This result can be explained well by the analysis of sediment size distribution, and also accounts for the threshold variation before and after the earthquake.

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