| 研究生: |
郭建源 Kuo, Chien-Yuan |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
高層建築物行人環境風場特性研究 A study on the pedestrian-level wind characteristics around high-rise buildings |
| 指導教授: |
曾俊達
Tzeng, Chun-Ta |
| 學位類別: |
博士 Doctor |
| 系所名稱: |
規劃與設計學院 - 建築學系 Department of Architecture |
| 論文出版年: | 2016 |
| 畢業學年度: | 104 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 92 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 行人環境風場 、風洞試驗 、評估準則 、高層建築物 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | pedestrian-level wind, wind tunnel test, assessing criteria, high-rise building |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:175 下載:2 |
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本研究為建構臺灣本土化高層建築行人風場環境影響之評估標準。應用國內最大風洞實驗室所提供寬廣空間與穩定風速以評估在不同風速與情境下之人體受風反應,並以語意評估方式建立不舒適指標探討在風洞內不同風速與活動情境下行人之不舒適程度,研究採用韋伯機率密度函數界定各活動等級風速所能容許出現之機率值。研究結果顯示評估準則之區域使用特性:長時間停留、短時停留、行走、不舒適及危險等5級,各分級之陣風風速上限值7.8 m/s、10.8m/s、12.7m/s、14.4m/s,其容許出現機率分別為:0.06%、0.09%、0.32%、1.24%。
為釐清裙樓高層建築物與相鄰連棟式低矮建築物之街谷內行人風場特性,於風洞實驗室內模擬市郊地況來流,以不同街谷寬度、裙樓高度及來流風攻角進行地表附近風速量測。研究結果顯示在順風向時,街谷內的風場受裙樓高度主導,裙樓高度越高街谷內風場速度越高,且街谷寬度由小到大可分成阻抗流場、交互作用流場及獨立流場等3種型態,風攻角為正22.5度時在街谷上游及下游均有高風速區域,正45度時則高風速區域出現在街谷下游。風攻角為負22.5度或45度時,風場受裙樓阻擋,裙樓高度越高則高風速區域面積越小,反之,裙樓高度越低則高風速區域面積越大。
對於併列式高層建築下游街谷風場特性,本研究經由CFD定性討論及風洞試驗定量分析歸納出當S/D≦0.75時稱之為順向流場,當S/D≧1.5時為逆向流場,流場特性完全與順向流場相反,當0.75<S/D<1.5時,流場型態未完全符合前述兩項者,稱之為過渡流場。下游街谷環境風場之最佳模式為主建築物高度H=3D(建築物高度60m)以下且通道寬度S=1.125D(通道寬度為22.5m)。當主建築物高度H=3D以上且通道寬度S>1.125D時為「環境強風高風險區域」;當主建築物高度H=3D以上且通道寬度S<1.125D時為「環境弱風高風危險區域」。
綜合前述,我國對於高層建築物所產生風場可能對行人有所危害,已有明文規定高層結構體應有適當的評估和改善對策,惟法規未制訂相對應的評估準則,本研究為補此不足研訂完成本土化的行人風場評估準則。裙樓高層建築及併列式高層建築物係國內常見但相關研究較少之高層建築型態,為進一步探討與其相鄰街谷之行人環境風場特性,採用風洞試驗及CFD數值模擬,歸納出街谷流場屬性,可供建築設計前置作業或都市設計審議有關風環境影響評估之重要參據。
The study complement the shortage of the regulations and establish accetpable criteria, the study conducted human wind reaction rests in wind tunnel lab. Meanwhile, the high-rise building with a podium and the parallel high-rise building are common building geometries in Taiwan. The wind tunnel experiment and CFD simulation are conducted to discuss the street canyon around above mentioned high-rise buildings pedestrian level wind characteristics and try to figure out the flow types in the street canyons and how to layout may be benefit to wind environments.
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校內:2018-02-05公開