國內外對於瀝青混凝土鋪面品質檢驗的方式，近期發展出的品質控制和品質保證(quality control and quality assurance, QC/QA)方法，利用QC與QA試驗之結果以統計分析的方式可建立出品質驗收的方法。

本研究主要是以兩家瀝青拌和廠密級配、跳躍級配、開放級配瀝青拌和料之QC和QA的抽油篩分析試驗結果，利用品質管制圖、標準差累積百分比圖和期望值落差(target miss)標準差來分別探討兩者之差異，再以80%的累積標準差與期望值落差標準差發展出符合上下限百分比(percent within limits, PWL)的容許上下限，計算QA試驗於所建立之容許上下限的PWL值，最後再加入付款因子的部份來討論。

兩廠各級配瀝青拌和料不同篩號及瀝青含量的品質管制圖顯示出QC試驗與QA試驗的差異性，可以了解到數據的另一個層面。累積標準差的部份，結果顯示出大多數的QA試驗的標準差在80%的累積標準差下所呈現的數值比QC試驗小；相反地，期望值落差標準差結果顯示出大部分的QC試驗標準差較QA試驗小。綜合上述兩種之標準差值來發展出PWL容許上下限範圍，與AASHTO R42所建議之容許上下限比較結果，不同級配不同篩號及瀝青含量都存有差異性，因此不適合以同一容許值來要求。QA試驗數據於PWL分析的結果，顯示兩家拌和廠在密級配與跳躍級配有明顯的差異，於付款因子(pay factor, PF)分析的結果，不同級配各篩號或瀝青含量的PF值可提供業主一個獎勵或者懲罰的機制，可激勵承包商對於自身品質的要求。

The quality management for hot-mix asphalt pavement is developed from method specification to quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) specification. The result of QC test and QA test can establish methods of the quality acceptance with statistics analysis.

This research is mainly according to the result of determining asphalt content and aggregate gradation of dense gradation, gap gradation and open gradation from two hot-mix asphalt factories. Using quality control chart, cumulative standard deviation percentiles diagram and target miss standard deviation respectively treats the difference of QC and QA. Then using 80% cumulative standard deviation and target miss standard deviation can develop upper and lower specification limit of PWL. Therefore, we calculate the PWL value of QA test in upper and lower specification limits. Finally, PWL value can be applied to the pay factor analysis.

The quality control charts show the difference between QC test and QA test. Cumulative standard deviation percentiles diagram show 80% cumulative standard deviation of most QA tests less than QC test. Contrarily, the target miss standard deviations of most QC test is less than QA test. We combine two kinds of above-mentioned standard deviation to develop the upper and lower specification limits. Comparing to the recommended specification limits in AASHTO R42, the difference in all the sieve size and asphalt content of different gradation exists. PWL value of QA test show two factory have significant difference in dense and gap gradation. The result of pay factor analysis can encourage contractors to promote its ability of quality control.

王盈傑 (2000) 台灣地區瀝青混凝土路面品質管理系統之研究，國立中央大學土木工程研究所碩士論文，桃園。
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