隨著工業社會的進步，壓力這種文明病也隨著日趨嚴重。近幾年來，在職業傷病的補償中，以職業相關的肌肉骨骼傷病補償增加的最為嚴重，特別是好發於肩、頸和下背等部位。但有關心理壓力與肌肉骨骼傷害的關係並不明確。為此本研究乃以南台灣某大型微電子工業之男性工程師（n=270）與女性裝配員（n=364）為對象，來探討工作相關的心理壓力和勞工肩、頸不適症狀之關係。

本研究在工作相關的心理壓力方面以Karasek的工作特質問卷（Job Content Questionnaire, JCQ）來評估，內容包括「心理負荷量」，「工作自主度」和「社會支持度」等三個方面（。而在肌肉骨骼健康效應方面則是以勞工自述的肩、頸不適為主。分析方法則是將男性工程師和女性裝配員分開分析。並以邏輯式複迴歸（multiple logistic regression）來觀察其相對危險性（odds ratio）。

有關男性工程師的肩部和頸部不適症狀，本研究發現其與高度心理負荷量（>34）的相關具統計上的意義；頸部的OR為1.97（95%CI=1.05-3.71），肩部OR為2.09（95%CI=1.10-3.97）。在女性裝配員方面，當心裡負荷量大於35時，也會對肩部造成傷害（OR=1.75，95%CI=1.01-3.07）。而社會支持度>=24時，對肩部不適則具有保護作用（OR=0.56, 95%CI=0.35-0.89）。因此本研究發現，在微電子業中，不論是男工程師或是女裝配員，高度的心理負荷量是肩、頸不適的危險因子之一。

This study investigated the prevalence of neck and shoulder discomfort among microelectronics workers and the association between psychological stress and neck and shoulder discomfort. Many researchers indicated the role of ergonomic factors in musculoskeletal disorders, but did not find clear causal relationship between job stress and neck and shoulder discomfort. There were three aims of this study. First is to evaluate the prevalence of neck and shoulder discomfort. Second is to evaluate the degree of job stress in microelectronics workers. The third is to assess the association between psychological stress and neck and shoulder discomfort.

A total of 634 microelectronic workers including 270 male engineers and 364 female assemblers was recruited in this study. We evaluated job stress using the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). The JCQ includes 22 items assess three major aspects of job stress－psychological demands, job control, and workplace support.. The major musculoskeletal outcome was focused on self-reported neck and shoulder discomfort.

In male engineers, neck discomfort was significantly more prevalent in the group with high psychological demand（>34）（OR=1.97, 95%CI=1.05-3.71）. We found a similar association between higher psychological demand（>34） and shoulder discomfort（OR=2.09, 95%CI=1.10-3.97）. In female assemblers, high psychological demand（>35）was significantly related to shoulder discomfort（OR=1.75, 95%CI=1.01-3.07）. And we also found a strong association between high workplace support（>=24）and shoulder discomfort（OR=0.56, 95%CI=0.35-0.89）.

The major findings of this study provided some evidence that job stress is related to neck and shoulder discomfort in microelectronic workers in Taiwan. Male engineers and female assembler who reported high psychological demand reported more musculoskeletal complaint.

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