| 研究生: |
蕭涵 Hsiao, Han |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
詹姆斯.貝瑞(James Barry,1741-1806)之研究 The Study of James Barry(1741-1806) |
| 指導教授: |
張勝柏
Chang, Sheng-Po |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
文學院 - 歷史學系 Department of History |
| 論文出版年: | 2021 |
| 畢業學年度: | 109 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 120 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 歷史畫 、新古典主義 、18 世紀英國社會 、詹姆斯.貝瑞 、皇家藝術學院 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | History Painting, Neoclassicism, British Society in 18th Century, James Barry, the Royal Academy of Art |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:153 下載:20 |
| 分享至: |
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18 世紀末英國歷經工業革命及政治改革,成為世界經濟強國,物質無虞之
餘,社會大眾開始發展精神層面的娛樂,政府也因應民情於 18 世紀末成立皇家藝術學院(The Royal Academy of Arts),皇家藝術學院也培養出眾多優秀的當代藝術家。
此種致力推動藝術發展的風氣下,許多異地藝術家們也紛紛前往英國發展藝術事業,愛爾蘭籍畫家詹姆斯.貝瑞(James Barry,1741-1806)即獨身前往倫敦發展藝術事業,貝瑞出生於科克(Cork)天主教家庭,年少時因〈卡舍爾國王的洗禮〉(Baptism of King Cashel by St. Patrick)一舉成名,受到政治家艾德蒙.柏克(Edmund Burke)的賞賜贊助其前往歐陸學習古典藝術,這段歐陸學習的經歷也奠定貝瑞的創作基礎,學成歸國後於皇家藝術學院教書。
貝瑞的作品堅持取材自古希臘、羅馬題材,並期許自己的繪畫能兼具娛樂與教化目的,喜愛在作品中加入寓意讓觀者思考。運用戲劇性的明暗對照法與人物的連續性動作引導觀者觀看作品表達主題。雖然貝瑞所堅持的繪畫取材與風格因不易理解暨與時代風格不符,在當代引起褒貶不一的評價,貝瑞仍為十分傑出的18 世紀愛爾蘭籍畫家。
本文以時代背景討論貝瑞與當代藝術發展的關係,先論及貝瑞的生平與 18世紀英國社會發展的背景,其次為浪漫主義藝術於英國藝術界的發展,並梳理貝瑞的藝術評論文章、藝術形式,及相關藝評家對貝瑞的評論探討貝瑞的特殊性地位,了解貝瑞一生的歷程與在當代的地位。
Abstract
The Study of James Barry(1741-1806)
Hsiao, Han
Advisor:Chang, Sheng-Po
Department of History, College of Liberal Arts
Summery
This thesis is about to realize the connection between Barry and contemporary art in the time of his era by discussing Barry’s works and style that emphasize Barry’s position in 18th century, and it is separated in three parts which are Barry staying in Ireland(1769-1771), studying in Europe(1771-1765), and the return to Britain(1771-1806).
The research method of this thesis is to analyze literature and use related pictorial material and method for distinguishing the development in style to ensure the accuracy of the results. After the discussion, we can realize that although the style of Barry’s painting wasn't the mainstream in 18th century, he was a great Irish painter at that time.
Key words: History Painting, Neoclassicism, British Society in 18th Century, James Barry, the Royal Academy of Art
Introduction
In the late 18th century, the UK was in a period of Industrial Revolution and political stability, so, with a strong and prosperous economy, people started to develop the entertainment in aspects of spirit. Hence, the government of the UK established the Royal Academy of Arts, where many outstanding contemporary artists educated.
With the trend in supporting making art, artists from other sides went to the UK to
attain the achievement of their domains, and an Irish painter, James Barry (1741-1806) was one of the artists went to London. Barry, born in Cork, caught public notice and gained acquaintance and patronage of Edmund Burke, a statesman, by his Baptism of King Cashel by St. Patrick, so he had a chance to learn classicism in Europe, which was the great impact on his creating. Afterwards, Barry taught in the Royal Academy of Arts after he returned to London.
Barry applied the elements of ancient Greek and Rome to his works and expected that his works can entertain and enlighten people, so he brought viewers with the skills of chiaroscuro continuing action of figures to his works. Although the style of Barry’s painting wasn't the mainstream in 18th century, he was a great Irish painter at that time.
Materials and Methods
The research method of this thesis is to analyze literature and use related pictorial material and method for distinguishing the development in style to ensure the accuracy of the results.
This thesis is about to realize the connection between Barry and contemporary art in the time of his era, and it is separated in three parts which are Barry’s life and the British society in 18th century, the impact of Romanticism to the development of British art, and organization of the comment about Barry’s works and style that emphasize Barry’s position in 18th century.
Results and Discussion
James Barry grew up in the society of mercantilism. Although the style of Barry’s painting wasn't the mainstream in 18th century, he still insist the his own ideal, and never compromise with reality. Barry always be criticized by aesthetician due to his emotional problem and theory, he also hope his art could bring the creative idea to public.
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裴亞琴,〈柏克的政治思想與英國輝格傳統〉,《政治思想史》,18:2 (天津市,2014),頁 101-200。
施建生,〈國富論的要旨〉,《經濟前瞻》,121:2008 (臺北市,2008),頁 82-86。
劉波,〈波德賴爾與法國浪漫主義思潮〉,《四川外語學院學報》,19:5 (重慶市,
2003),頁 13-19。
(三)英文期刊
Adrien, Muriel. ―Tom Dunne and William L. Pressly, James Barry, 1741-1806:
History Painter,‖ Miranda 5 (May, 2011): 1-6.
Baudino, Isabelle. ―Difficult Beginning ? The Early Years of the Royal Academy of
Arts in London, ‖ Etudes Anglaises 66:3 (July 2013): 181-194.
Brown, David Blayney. ―Testaments of Friendship; Two New Portraits by James
Barry of Francis Douce and Joseph Nollekens,‖ The Art Bulletin Magazine 128.994 (Jan., 1959): 27-29、31.
Hirsch, Edward. ―The Imaginary Irish Peasant,‖ PMLA 106.5 (Oct., 1991): 1116-1133.
Irwin, David. ―James Barry, and the Death of Wolfe in 1759,‖ The Art Bulletin
Magazine 41.4 (Dec., 1959): 330-332.
Kemp, Martin. ―True to Their Natures: sir Joshua Reynolds and Dr. William Hunter at The Royal Academy of Arts,‖ Notes and Records of the Royal Society of
London 46:3, (Jan. 1992) : 77-88.
Knight, Richard Payne-The Works of James Barry, Esq. Historical Painter with some
Account of his Life and Writings,‖ The Edinburgh Review16:1954 (Aug. 1954): 321.
Morgan, H. Cliff. ―The Schools of the Royal Academy, ‖ British Journal of
Educational Studies 21:1 (Feb. 1973): 88-103.
Paulson, Ronald. ―The Harlot's Progress and the Tradition of History Painting,‖
Eighteenth-Century Studies 1:1 (Autumn, 1967): 69-92.
Paul Gordon, Scott. ―Reading Patriot Art: James Barry's King Lear‖ Eighteenth-Century Studies 36.4 (Summer, 2003): 491-509.
Pressly, William L. ―James Barry's 'The Baptism of the King of Cashel by St Patrick',‖
The Burlington Magazine 118:882 (Sep. 1976): 642-647.
Wark, R. R. ―A Note on James Barry and Edmund Burke,‖ Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes17.3/4 (unkown, 1954): 382-384.
Wark, R. R. ―The Iconography and Date of James Barry's Self-Portrait in Dublin,‖
The Art Bulletin Magazine 96.614 (May, 1959): 153-154、159.
三、論文
許逸涵,《從法國大革命到光榮革命─艾德蒙‧柏克的 1688 年革命詮釋》,臺北:
國立臺灣大學碩士論文,2014。
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RA Collection, ―The exhibition of the Royal Academy, MDCCLXIX. (1769), ‖
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RICHMOND, written 29 August 1773, at London,‖
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126=default. 擷取日期: 2019 年 9 月 22 日。
The correspondence of James Barry, ―Letter from JAMES BARRY to CHARLES
JAMES FOX, written 5 October 1800, at Castle Street, London‖
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brand=default. 擷取日期: 2019 年 8 月 20 日。
The correspondence of James Barry, ―Letter from JAMES BARRY to EARL OF
RADNOR, written 26 December 1794, at London,‖
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;brand=default. 擷取日期: 2019 年 8 月 15 日。
The correspondence of James Barry, Letter from R.J.L. to JAMES BARRY, written
ante 11 May 1783 , at London,‖ http://www.texte.ie/barry/view?docId=L_R.J.L._jb_ante11.05.1783.xml;query
=;brand=default. 擷取日期: 2019 年 7 月 25 日。
Tim McLoughlin, ed.,―Letter from DR. JOSEPH FENN SLEIGH to JAMES BARRY ,
written 31 December 1763, at Cork,‖ http://www.texte.ie/barry/view?docId=L_sleigh_jb_31.12.1763.xml;query=;br
and=default, 擷取日期: 2019 年 7 月 15 日。
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13 January 1771, at Parma,”http://www.texte.ie/barry/view?docId=L_jb_eb_13.01.1771.xml;query=;brand
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Tim McLoughlin, eds, ―Letter from JAMES BARRY to HIS PARENTS, written 8
November 1769, at Rome,‖ http://www.texte.ie/barry/view?docId=L_jb_parents_08.11.1769.xml;query=;brand=default. 擷取日期: 2019 年 7 月 23 日。
Tim McLoughlin, ed., ―Letter from JAMES BARRY to DR. JOSEPH FENN SLEIGH, written November 1767, at Rome,‖ http://www.texte.ie/barry/view?docId=L_jb_eb_05.12.1765.xml;query=;brand=default, 擷取日期: 2019 年 7 月 21 日。
Tim McLoughlin, ed.,―Letter from JAMES BARRY to EDMUND BURKE, written 5
December 1765, at Paris,‖ http://www.texte.ie/barry/view?docId=L_jb_eb_05.12.1765.xml;query=;brand=default, 擷取日期: 2019 年 7 月 22 日。
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22 May 1768, at Rome,‖ http://www.texte.ie/barry/view docId=L_jb_eb_22.05.1768.xml;query=;brand=default. 擷取日期: 2019 年 7 月 22 日