BiOCl 是一種寬能隙半導體，其晶體結構的非等向性及沿 [0 0 1] 方向形成的內部靜電場促進了光生電子電洞對的分離和傳遞，是在環境修復和能源轉換等領域極具潛力的光催化材料。本研究的第一部分利用常溫化學沉澱法，製備出具有明顯優向發展晶面的板狀 BiOCl，並以 NaBH4 進行化學還原反應，於 BiOCl 結構中引入氧空缺和 Bi 金屬，再以熱處理將部分 Bi 金屬氧化為 β-Bi2O3，探討 Bi/BiOCl 與β-Bi2O3/BiOCl 異質結構之材料特性與光催化效率。以 XRD 確認相組成、SEM、TEM 和 BET 觀察晶粒尺寸及形貌、XPS 分析化學組態、UV-VIS 吸收光譜儀及 UPS 分析能帶結構，並使用 EPR 檢測樣品在不同反應條件下的活性自由基類型。在紫外光下進行光催化降解羅丹明B (RhB) 染料作為光催化性能評估方法。研究結果顯示，適量 Bi 金屬和氧空缺的引入能夠提高 BiOCl 在紫外光下的光催化效能。而 β-Bi2O3 則由於其能帶結構不利於活性自由基的形成，使 β-Bi2O3/BiOCl 異質結構形成反而降低了光催化效率。
本研究的第二部分則是調整沉澱反應之 pH 值，合成出具有不同形貌、尺寸及晶面發展的BiOCl 晶粒。隨著 pH 值提升，晶體從微米級厚層板狀結構轉變為奈米薄片，最終形成立體花狀結構。本部分工作沿用前述研究方法，分析三種不同晶面發展與形貌的BiOCl之材料特性，並探討其對光催化甲基橙 (MO) 染料降解與去除水中氨氮之影響，同時藉由光催化反應條件控制，如水中Cl離子、溶氧，觀察 BiOCl 在光催化反應中所發生的材料性質改變情形，建立 BiOCl 之光催化降解氨氮的反應機制。結果表明，光催化染料降解反應與BiOCl之比表面積以及晶體厚度有關，立體花狀結構之 BiOCl 表現最佳的染料降解效率；而光催化降解氨氮效率則與 BiOCl 的光腐蝕作用有密切的關聯性，具有高厚度的板狀BiOCl不受其低比表面積影響，反而具有最高的氨氮降解效率。本研究深入探討BiOCl之選擇性光催化反應行為，並建立完整之光催化反應機制。

This work synthesized BiOCl crystals with various morphologies, sizes, and crystallite facets by adjusting the pH during precipitation. As the pH increased, the crystals transformed from micron-sized thick plates into nanosheets, eventually forming a 3D flower-like structure. XRD was used to confirm the phase composition, while SEM, TEM, and BET were employed to analyze morphology and particle size. UV-visible absorption spectra were measured to assess optical properties, XPS was used for chemical state analysis, and EPR was employed to detect active radical species under different reaction conditions. This study investigated the photocatalytic properties of BiOCl with three distinct morphologies for degrading methyl orange (MO) dye and ammonia. It also explored the effects of photocatalytic conditions, including chloride ions and dissolved oxygen, on BiOCl's properties and the mechanism of ammonia degradation. Results showed that dye degradation efficiency was related to surface area and crystal thickness, with the flower-like structure performing best. Conversely, ammonia degradation efficiency was strongly associated with photocorrosion, with thicker plate-like BiOCl outperforming in ammonia removal despite its lower surface area. This study reveals the selective photocatalytic behavior of BiOCl and establishes a comprehensive reaction mechanism for ammonia degradation.

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