研究背景 : 多巴胺(dopamine)系統在成癮的機制上很重要。因此研究與代謝多巴胺有關的酶的基因或多巴胺受體的基因，包含乙型乙醛去氫酶 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 ，簡稱ALDH2) 與多巴胺D2受體 (dopamine D2 receptor/ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1，簡稱DRD2/ANKK1)基因，對於了解成癮行為具關鍵性。因此我們進行本實驗預計研究ALDH2 和DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA此二基因的多型性與海洛因依賴的相關性。
方法 : 本研究為橫斷面研究，採個案對照研究設計。我們共收集了250個漢族海洛因依賴的病人以及312個健康對照組，並進行ALDH2 和DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA基因型的檢定。
結果 : ALDH2*1/*2 和*2/*2基因型在海洛因依賴的病人組中比對照組出現頻率顯著更多，但DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA的基因型在二組間無顯著差異。邏輯迴歸分析也沒有發現在海洛因依賴的病人組中ALDH2 和DRD2二基因間有交互作用。
結論 : ALDH 2基因的多型性可能與海洛因依賴有關，而與DRD2基因無關。

Background: Determining the influences of genes involved in metabolizing dopamine and encoding dopamine receptors, such as the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) and dopamine D2 receptor/ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (DRD2/ANKK1) genes, is critical for understanding addictive behavior. Therefore, we investigated the association between the ALDH2 and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA polymorphisms and heroin dependence.
Methods: Heroin-dependent Han Chinese patients (250) and healthy controls (312) were recruited. ALDH2 and DRD2/ANKK1 Taq IA polymorphisms were genotyped.
Results: The frequency of ALDH2*1/*2 and *2/*2 genotypes was significantly higher in heroin-dependent patients than in controls, but the frequency of DRD2 Taq IA genotypes was not significantly different. Logistic regression analysis showed no significant interaction between ALDH2 and DRD2 Taq IA genotypes in patients.
Conclusions: The ALDH2 polymorphism, but not the DRD2, was associated with heroin dependence.

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