本研究成功開發出一種新型電流感測電阻器及其量測方法，使其電阻值量測值之變化率於25℃與125℃的環境溫度變化時可在±10 ppm/℃的變化範圍內，但已知目前的一般型電流感測電阻器要達到在相同條件的變化範圍，其在設計上卻必須使用厚度更厚而且材料電阻率更低的歐姆電阻材料來製作，在製程上極為困難，不易開發。在本研究中證明可以利用一種並聯電路設計，將其製作在此電流感測電阻器中，其內部形成一個電路迴路，並在設計上將兩組電壓感測電極與電流電極分開，而使得這條增加的並聯線路並不在這個電流感測電阻器主要電流通過的路徑上，而是僅能分得部份小電流做為量測電壓差的用途，在量測該電阻器兩端的電壓差時並不會因為環境或電流感測電阻器內部的溫度上升而造成其電阻值量測值的變化率超出1%的規格。從實驗結果得知，一般型電流感測電阻器3 mΩ，其電阻值量測值在環境溫度為25℃與125℃時，該量測值的變化率平均值為134 ppm/℃，最大值為148 ppm/℃，最小值為117 ppm/℃，而在相同電阻值之新型電流感測電阻器其電阻值量測值的數據，在相同的環境溫度條件下，量測值變化率之平均值則為0 ppm/℃，最大值為10 ppm/℃，最小值為-10 ppm/℃，兩者的量測值變化率的平均值相差134 ppm/℃。由於在電流感測電阻器小型化及大功率的趨勢需求下，如何讓其電阻值在嚴苛的環境變化下能更穩定這是一個很重要的指標。利用電阻器內部形成一個電路迴路並且改變量測電壓的位置以降低該電流感測電阻器電阻值量測值的這個方法是一個很好的設計概念，未來電流感測電阻器這種被動元件仍然會朝尺寸更小，電阻值更低的方向設計，如能善加利用本研究的設計方法，不僅可以將電流感測電阻器的電阻值量測能更精準以便能確保應用此電流感測電阻器之功能的模組中其他電子零組件亦能正常運作，以提高穩定性並延長使用壽命，再者，更可以將生產流程簡化，提高競爭優勢。

Using Parallel Circuit to Change Measured Value of Resistance of Current Sensing Resistors
Advisor: Yu-Cheng Lin, Ph.D.
Student: Chih-Lung Chen
Department of Engineering Science College of Science
SUMMARY
This thesis presents a new current sense resistor and a measuring method to make the measured value of the current sense resistor within ± 10 ppm/℃ under a temperatures ranging from 25℃ and 125℃. The results reveal that when the temperature is within 25℃ and 125℃, the average resistance value of conventional 3 mΩ sensing resistor is 134 ppm/℃ (148 ppm/℃ in maximum and 117 ppm /℃ in minimum), whereas the average resistance value of the proposed resistor is 0 ppm/℃ (10 ppm/℃ in maximum and -10 ppm/℃ in minimum).
Key words: sensing resistor, parallel circuit, temperature coefficient of resistance
INTRODUCTION
Temperature Coefficient Resistance, TCR, is an important detection norm for a Current Sense Resistor. By the test method: MIL-STD-202 method 304, we measure the variation of the Current Sense Resistor from 25℃ and 125℃. The variation must be in ±1% of the resistance specification or ±100 ppm/℃in variation rate.
A New Current Sense Resistor was designed using a parallel circuit in which a loop circuit was formed, and the two sets of voltage-sensing electrode and current electrode were separated. Thus, measuring difference in voltage required only a very small part of the current and would not cause varied rate of measured value or out-of-specification.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Manganin is a Copper Alloy commonly used for resistance material. The elements of Manganin are Cu：86%；Mn：12%；Ni：2%，the Resistance is 4.3 μΩ．mm and the TCR is ±10 ppm/℃. Using ANSYS to simulation the resistance variation rate from conventional Current Sense Resistor to new one. Using its engineer specification and manufacturing method of new current sense resistor, we manufacture it within a 3mΩ resistance. Another important thing is to define probes relative position to make sure the measure systems be all the same including outline measure system, Laser measure system and packing measure system.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
When the temperature is within 25℃ and 125℃, the average resistance value of conventional 3 mΩ sensing resistor is 134 ppm/℃ (148 ppm/℃ in maximum and 117 ppm /℃ in minimum), whereas the average resistance value of the proposed resistor is 0 ppm/℃ (10 ppm/℃ in maximum and -10 ppm/℃ in minimum).
According to the structure of conventional Current Sense Resistor, these dimensions of Copper electrode contribute a large TCR to its resistance. With the same target of 3 mΩ, if the thickness of the foil is larger, the dimension of Copper electrode is smaller, then we will get a lower measured value varied rate . Therefore, well-designed of the dimensions of the Copper electrode is a key project.
CONCLUSION
It is successfully to use parallel circuit design and 50 μm thickness Manganin foil to manufacture a New Current Sense Resistor. By the measure method presents in the thesis, the measured value varied rate of New Current Sense Resistor is ±10 ppm/℃ in experiment results.

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