失智症是影響記憶、思考、行為及執行日常生活能力的退化性疾病，常見有阿茲海默症、血管型失智症、路易氏體失智症、額顳葉型失智症等。失智症影響層面除了失智症患者本身疾病歷程之煎熬，對失智症的家庭照顧者在生理、心理、社會及經濟層面，常是難以承受之負荷及壓力。台灣65歲以上老年人口失智症盛行率為7.98 %，失智人數約25萬人。衛生福利部於民國103年提出民國103年至105年失智症防治照護政策綱領暨行動方案，內容包括提升民眾對失智症防治及照護的認知等，減少失智症汙名化、發展失智友善社區、及早尋求失智症正確因應方式及降低罹患失智症之風險。本研究目的擬探討目前我國一般民眾的失智症知識與態度，研究方法為橫斷式量性研究，以方便取樣方式進行結構式問卷調查，研究對象為20歲以上居住在台中市之民眾，共完成916位調查樣本，主要結果為：
一、失智症知識：知識問卷11題平均答對7.93±1.47題，得分率為72%，民眾的失智症知識在中等水準。84%受訪民眾對失智與正常老化的健忘仍混淆不清楚，有51%受訪民眾以為失智症是正常老化所引起，關於失智症的生物醫學方面知識，民眾需要繼續加強提升。
二、失智症態度：態度問卷12題採Likert scale 5點計分法，平均分數為41.43±5.28分，每題平均得分為3.45分，顯示受訪民眾對失智症的態度是中立偏正向。與失智症患者的互動交流每題平均得分為3.89分，民眾對失智症患者的接納是偏正向的態度。在反應構面得分較低，每題平均只有2.68分，如何照顧或協助失智症患者，民眾仍普遍覺得受挫或不知所措。
三、民眾的失智症知識與態度得分是顯著的正相關(β=0.102，p<0.01)，失智症態度與關懷行動意願-醫療尋求是顯著的正相關(β=0.353，p<0.001)，失智症態度與關懷行動意願-社會支持是顯著的正相關(β=0.204，p<0.001)；失智症知識與關懷行動意願在醫療尋求面是正相關(β=0.067，p<0.05)，在社會支持面是負相關(β=-0.104，p<0.01)。
結論：民眾的失智症知識與態度方面得分是中等水準及中立偏正向，兩者有顯著正相關。建議政府或相關團體組織加強提升民眾對失智症防治及照護的認知，宜針對不同年齡層之民眾，有系統規劃倡議活動及教育訓練推廣課程；在倡議活動中，讓民眾有機會接觸失智症患者及其家屬現身說法。

Dementia is a syndrome that can be caused by a number of progressive disorders that affect memory, thinking, behaviour and the ability to perform everyday activities. The estimate of dementia prevalence in people aged 65 years and over is 7.98% and there are more than 250,000 people living with dementia in Taiwan. This study aims to explore Taiwan general public’s knowledge of and attitudes towards dementia. This was a cross-sectional study, by convenience sampling of 916 participants, aged over 20 years, and living in Taichung City, Taiwan. Data were collected by a structural questionnaire and analyzed by quantitative methods. Participants responded to the 11-item true/false knowledge questionnaire with mean score 7.93±1.47 points, which was equivalent to 72% of the correct answers. The level of general public’s dementia knowledge was fair. Participants responded to the 12-item dementia attitude scale (5-point Likert Scale) with mean score 41.43±5.28 points, and each item 3.45 points. The participants inclined to positive attitudes towards people with dementia. There was a significantly positive correlation(β=0.102，p<0.01) between knowledge of and attitudes towards dementia. To improve the public’s awareness and understanding of dementia, the government and professional organizations need to provide systematic initiatives and educational programs for different age groups. Contact-based approaches in which people meet individuals with dementia and/or their caregivers may help to enhance knowledge of and improve attitudes towards dementia.

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