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研究生：	白炳義 Purnomo, Heru Wibowo
論文名稱：	銀奈米線製程改善與改質以製作可撓曲透明導電膜 Growth improvement and modifications of silver nanowires for fabricating flexible transparent conductive films
指導教授：	洪昭南 Hong, Chau-Nan
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2013
畢業學年度：	101
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	70
外文關鍵詞：	silver nanowires, polyol synthesis, aspect ratio, zinc oxide nanoparticles
相關次數：	點閱：53 下載：0
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最近，高長寬比銀奈米綫已經成爲熱門的研究主題。由於銀的高導電度，用銀奈米線來作爲薄膜電極就可製造可撓曲的透明導電膜。這幾年的發展，已被發現多元醇的過程可提供足夠的可能性作爲大規模生産銀奈米綫。在這項研究中，發現通過加入氨水溶液時，就可得到甚至330高長寬比的銀奈米線，跟沒加入氨水溶液的銀奈米線比起來有大於三倍的增加。何況，在這項研究中，使用的多元醇的過程是相當不同的許多參。普通的過程是利用兩三個或更多的乙二醇溶液添加到預熱的。不過，爲了實現有提到的製造更簡單的製程這個目的，本研究的方式最重要的好處，跟混合兩三個溶液的方式比起來，它的溫度下降變化是比較低的。此外，通過烘箱加熱，而不是使用油浴加熱，使溫度下降變化可被進一步減少。本研究成功改善製造銀奈米線的步驟，接下來是利用氧化鋅包改質銀奈米線的表面。本研究研發了一種可控制的新製程來被覆不同氧化鋅的厚度（每一側是小於200nm的）。

There is a high demand in high aspect ratio silver nanowires due to its high conductivity, high transparency, as well as high flexibility, once it was applied as a thin film electrode. The polyol process was used to fabricate silver nanowires for its sufficient possibility in mass production. In this work, it was found out that by adding aqueous ammonia into the solution, high aspect ratio silver nanowires , up to 330, can be obtained rather than the original process in which the aspect ratio is only 100. Moreover, the polyol process that was being used itself is quite different from many references. Most processes normally are using 2 or more solutions of ethylene glycol added into the pre-heated one. However, referring to the objective of achieving a simpler process, it was found out that direct solid pouring and an instant shaking is more than enough to dissolve the solid and this way, temperature drop that might occur due to the mixing of 2 or more liquids can be minimized. Furthermore, by using oven heating instead of oil-bath heating, the temperature drop that might be influenced by the surroundings can also be further minimized. After silver nanowires can be successfully produced, the following step is covering silver nanowires with zinc oxide nanoparticles. It has been discovered a new controllable process to produce different thickness (less than 200nm each side) of zinc oxide nanoparticles on silver nanowire surface.

Abstract 			              iii
Acknowledgement			                v
Table of Contents 		               vi
List of Figures 			       ix
List of Tables 				     xiii

Chapter 1 Introduction 	                              1
1	Research Background 		              1
2	Motivation 				      3	
3	Thesis organization 		              4

Chapter 2 Literature Review 		              5
1 Polyol process to synthesize silver nanowires     5
1.1 Growth of silver nanowires 		      6
1.2 Influencing parameters on the morphology of silver nanowires 	                                      9
1.2.1 PVP molecular weight 			      9
1.2.2 PVP/AgNO3 molar ratio 			     11
1.2.3 Reaction temperature 			     12
1.2.4 Reaction time 				     14
1.2.5 Cl- concentration 			     15
1.2.6 Initial pH 				     17
1.2.7 Dissolved oxygen 			     17
2 Ag-NW morphology influence on transparency and conductivity 		                             17
3 Silver nanowires (Ag-NW) - ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) core-shell structure 				     19
3.1 ZnO-NP synthesis 				     19
3.2Enveloping Ag-NW with ZnO-NP 		     21

Chapter 3 Materials and Methods 		     24
1 Experimental Flowchart 	   		     24
2 Experimental Instruments 			     25
2.1 Oven heater 			     25
2.2 Oxygen plasma reactor 		     25
2.3 UV-Vis spectrophotometer 		     27
2.4 Four-point probe 				     28
3 Experimental Materials	 		     28
3.1 Substrate material 		     28
3.2 Main chemicals 			     29
3.3 Solvents, gases, and other substances  29
4 Experimental Procedures 			     30
4.1 Synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NW)  30
4.1.1 Original Ag-NW synthesis method	 30
4.1.2 Modified Ag-NW synthesis method  31
4.2 Coating Ag-NW on PET substrate  	     32
4.3 Enveloping Ag-NW with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP)                                             33

Chapter 4 Results and Discussions 		     34
1 Silver nanowires (Ag-NW) synthesis 		     34
1.1 PVP:AgNO3 molar ratio 		     34
1.2 Reaction time 			     41
1.3 Modified technique to synthesize Ag-NW 43
1.3.1 Addition of HCl 	     43
1.3.2 Addition of HNO3 	     45
1.3.3 Addition of NH4OH 	     48
2 Surface modification of silver nanowires (Ag-NW) 52
2.1 Synthesis of silver nanowires (Ag-NW) – zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) core – shell structure 	     52
2.1.1 Reaction time 		     54
2.1.2 Reaction temperature 	     55
2.1.3 Amount of zinc acetate precursor 56
2.1.4 Amount of TEA 		     57
2.1.5 Presence of solvent 	     58
2.2 Characterization s of Ag-NW – ZnO-NP core – shell structure                                      59
2.3 Forming Ag-NW – ZnO-NP core – shell structure after first coating Ag-NW on PET substrate 		     61
		
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Developments 	     65
1 Conclusions                                      
        5.1.1 Synthesis of silver nanowires 	     65
        5.1.2 Modified synthesis of silver nanowires 65
2 Future developments 			     66

Reference					     67

                                    

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