研究生: |
張博翔 Chang, Po-Hsiang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
奈米裂縫微影術應用於光電元件之製造 Fabrication of Optoelectronic Device using Nano-Crack Lithography |
指導教授: |
張允崇
Chang, Yun-Chung |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
理學院 - 光電科學與工程學系 Department of Photonics |
論文出版年: | 2012 |
畢業學年度: | 100 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 99 |
中文關鍵詞: | 奈米裂縫微影術 、奈米線 、奈米光電元件 |
外文關鍵詞: | Nano-Crack Lithography, Nanowire, Nanoscale Optoelectronic |
相關次數: | 點閱:60 下載:0 |
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本論文的研究是使用「奈米裂縫微影術」製作奈米尺度的光電元件。當蝴蝶結形狀的光阻當受熱應力時,很直觀地,會沿腰身方向產生裂縫。而裂開的縫隙非常窄,長度可延伸幾微米長。因此,微米尺寸的光阻圖案可用於製作奈米線。由於奈米線的位置是可以預期的,所以奈米線可以連接到各種製作。換句話說,可以預期奈米線的位置,使我們能夠輕易的使用光罩以利後續的製程。這是奈米裂縫微影術相較於其他奈米線製成的優勢。除此之外,奈米裂縫微影術是非常符合經濟效益,因為只需普通的黃光微影技術就可達成。
將上述的「奈米裂縫微影術」用來製作三五族氮化物的LED。鉻奈米金屬線可由奈米裂縫微影術製作出來,將鉻當作蝕刻SiO2的阻擋層,再蝕刻LED以SiO2當作阻擋層就可完成奈米線LED。 也用AZ-400K顯影劑作選擇性濕蝕刻,以進一步減少奈米線寬。製作出的奈米線LED從光學和電學特性顯示出良好的結構性質。雖然n-GaN的電極很容易製作,但是製作p-GaN的電極不是件簡單的事。我們必須考慮其他方式,像是選擇性溶解PMMA,幫助我們製作p-GaN電極。我們相信製作出來的LED很快就能表現出二極體特性。
此外,「奈米裂縫微影術」也用於製作奈米線的AlGaN / GaN高電子遷移率晶體體(HEMT)。其製作過程與奈米線LED非常相似。製作出奈米線HEMT元件的電阻在2kΩ的範圍。當奈米線浸泡不同pH值的液體時,電阻會隨著pH值上升而增加。靈敏度為0.06%/ pH值,比文獻資料中大面積的HEMT相比,這值是非常低。我們相信不久之後,改善元件的參數及結構,靈敏度可明顯提升。
總之,我們已經使用「奈米裂縫微影術」製作奈米線LED和HEMT。與大面積的元件相比,效能不是太高。為了使這些元件能夠應用於業界,顯著的改善是必要的。相信目前這些做出的奈米元件雛型可以開啟未來製作一維奈米光電元件的入口。
In this dissertation, nanoscale optoelectronic devices are fabricated using Nano-Crack Lithography (NCL). It is well known that thermal cracking of a bowtie photoresist pattern will form along the neck direction. The cracking line is very narrow and extends several microns long. Therefore, the micro-scale photoresist pattern can be used to fabricate nanowires. Since the location of nanowire is pre-determined, it is very easy to fabricate connection to the nanowires using NCL. The pre-determined nanowire’s location allows us to align the subsequent photomasks for additional fabrication processes. This is the major advantage for NCL compared to other nanofabrication processes. In addition, NCL is very cost-effective since only conventional photolithography processes are used.
NCL is used to fabricate III-V nitrides light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Cr nanowires patterned by NCL are used as etch mask for the following dry etching of the underlying SiO2 and LED structures. AZ-400K developer is also used as a selective wet etchant to further reduce the linewidth. The fabricated nanowire LED demonstrates good structural qualities with adequate optical and electrical properties. Although it is easy to fabricate contact to the n-GaN, fabricating the p-GaN contact is not an easy job. We have to incorporate an additional process that can selective dissolve PMMA layer to help us fabricate p-GaN contacts. We believe the fabricate LED can demonstrates diode characteristics very soon.
In addition, NCL is used to fabricate nanowire AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs). The fabrication procedures are very similar to the nanowire LEDs. The resistance of the fabricated nanowire HEMTs is in the ranges of 2000Ω. By immersion the nanowire into liquid with different pH value, the resistance increases as the pH value increases. The sensitivity is about 0.06%/pH, which is very low compared to the broad-area devices reported in the literatures. We believe by further optimizing the device structure and the fabricating quality, the sensitivity can be significant improved in the near future.
In conclusion, we have demonstrated fabrications of nanowire LEDs and HEMTs using NCL. The fabricated devices are not very efficient compared to the broad-area devices. Significant optimizations are necessary in order to make these devices applicable in the industry. However, we believe these proto-type devices serves as stepping stones for one-dimensional nanoscale optoelectronic devices in the future.
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