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研究生： 胡瑞明
Hu, Jui-Ming
論文名稱： 在服務成本和預算限制下具有選擇性零組件和付款選擇的產品存貨控制系統之研究
Inventory control systems for products with optional components and payment options under service level and budget constraints
指導教授： 王泰裕
學位類別： 博士
Doctor
系所名稱： 管理學院 - 工業與資訊管理學系
Department of Industrial and Information Management
論文出版年： 2009
畢業學年度： 98
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 83
中文關鍵詞： 存貨/生產 、(Q， r)模式 、服務水準 、非線性最佳化 、模組化 、延遲性
外文關鍵詞： inventory/production, modularization, postponement, (Q， r) model, service level, myopic policy, nonlinear optimization
相關次數： 點閱：196  下載：2 
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    • 近幾年來，企業界正面臨著全球化、客製化、快速回應和快速的科技變遷等重要環境因素的挑戰。企業必須增加提供藉由品質、功能等等差異化的不同產品來滿足消費者善變的喜好和不同支付費用的意願。且企業界不能僅只考慮產品與流程設計，還要專注在如何支援前述的服務目標、減少預測的誤差和平衡預算。而模組化、延遲和資訊分享三者是有關於產品與流程再設計的關鍵議題，也是企業界為了適應環境挑戰的趨勢而廣為採用的方法。因此，對企業界來說，管理多項目存貨系統漸漸地變成是其重要的策略之ㄧ。許多的研究探討了項目間具有獨立需求之多項目存貨系統。然而，存在項目間的交互作用略在具有獨立需求之多項目存貨系統中被忽略掉了。此外，有些學者在他們所規劃的存貨模型中，引進一些不同的成本構面，更實用地被用來修飾變動成本。以此方式，我們將引進服務成本，它被定義成與服務水準成比例。在本論文中，針對具有相互需求之多項目存貨控制系統，發展(Q, r)模型(連續盤點)來尋求最佳化的決策變數(批量與再訂購點)。我們的目標是，在考量最小化期望總成本和由環境因素的挑戰所引起一些限制條件下，去尋求最佳化的存貨管理策略。當服務水準為非凸函數時，本篇所規劃的模式將形成一個非線性最佳化的問題。所以，針對我們所規畫的模組，修改一些知名求解非線性最佳化問題的方法與程序，用來發展啟發式求解的方法與程序，並將與其他知名的方法或程序之所得結果做個比較。

    Globalization, customization, quick response and rapid technology changes are important environmental challenges facing enterprises in recent years. Firms increasingly must offer differentiated products that are differentiated in terms of quality, function, and so on to target fickle customer preferences as well as different levels of willingness to pay. Enterprises should not only consider product and process design, but also to emphasize how to support these mentioned service objects, reduce the forecast errors and balance their budget. Modularization, postponement and information sharing are the key issues related to product and process redesign that are required in adapting enterprises to the tendency of environmental challenges. Hence, managing the multi-item inventory system is becoming one of the important policies for enterprises. Literatures have explored the multi-item inventory system with independent demand among different items. However, there are interaction effects that should not be overlooked in the multi-item inventory system with independent demand. Moreover, some scholars have introduced different aspects of cost into their models for modifying the variable cost pragmatically. Thus, the service cost is introduced and defined in proportion to the service level. In this thesis, the (Q, r) model (continuous review) is developed to find the optimal decision variables (the lot size and reorder point) for a multi-item inventory control system with interactions between necessary and optional components. Our objective is to find the optimal inventory management policies under the consideration of minimizing the expected total costs and some constraints caused by the environmental challenges. These models are formulated as nonlinear optimization problems as the service level is nonlinear. Some known procedures are revised to solve some of these problems and the results are compared with other known procedures.

    Abstract...... i Acknowledgements………… iv Table of Contents………… v List of Tables……………… vii List of Figures………………viii 1.Introduction………1 1.1Research motivation…………1 1.2Research objectives………4 1.3Research scope……………5 1.4Research procedure……………6 1.5The organization of the dissertation…………8 2.Literature review……………………….……… 9 2.1Multi-item inventory control system.…………9 2.2Modularization, postponement, and information sharing…10 2.3The influential costs…………………13 2.4The heuristic algorithm………………13 2.5Summary…………………………………14 3.Research framework and methodology……………15 3.1The research framework…………………………15 3.2Definition of the service cost………………16 3.3The multi-item inventory system with dependent demand under continuous review…………………17 3.4Stochastic payment……………………19 3.5Heuristic procedure……………………19 3.6Summary …………………………………20 4.The (Q,r) model with payment is due at the time an order is placed………21 4.1Model formulation……………………………… 23 4.2The theoretical development.............. 25 4.2.1The service level of the necessary component is not given............ 27 4.2.2The service level of the necessary component is given……33 4.3The numerical example………………………39 4.3.1The ervice level of the necessary component is not given……40 4.3.2The ervice level of the necessary component is given………42 4.4Summary......................... 44 5.The (Q,r) model with stochastic payment………46 5.1Model formulation………………………47 5.2The theoretical development................49 5.2.1An indeterminate service level of the necessary component……51 5..2.2A determinate service level of the necessary component……58 5.3The numerical example……………………62 5.3.1An indeterminate service level of the necessary component……63 5.3.2A determinate service level of the necessary component…64 5.4Summary…………………………67 6.Conclusions and suggestions…………69 6.1Conclusions ……………………………70 6.2Suggestions……………………………71 Bibliography………………………………73 Appendix……………………………………78

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