從一九七零年代以來，台灣在螺絲螺帽產業上有相當顯著的發展，而在趨於激烈的國際競爭中，端賴現場工程師的實務經驗與試誤法則已無法解決未來技術研發的需求，因此朝向高產值與高等級產品發展的同時，也必須對於螺絲之製程建立科學化的分析。

　　螺絲滾牙成形具有卓越的機械性質，且平板搓牙製程已普遍應用於螺絲產業，但是其產品品質、牙板壽命與生產效能受到複雜製程參數的影響。本文便是針對此製程中重要的製程參數及影響，利用有限元素套裝軟體-DEFORM 3D進行二維與三維的製程模擬，研究各參數對於製程的影響，並與實際產品之微硬度試驗結果相互驗證。

　　本文歸納出關鍵製程參數主要包括介面摩擦係數、胚料材料性質、生產製程道次以及搓牙壓造量等，並由模擬結果中發現，等效應力、等效應變與金屬流動明顯受到這些製程參數的影響。而經由本文對於平板搓牙製程參數之分析結果，可以提供製程工程師作為參考。

　　The screw and nut industry in Taiwan had significant developments since 1970’s. Recently, the industry faces quite severe international competition. Relying on experiences and trial-and-error approach can not meet the future technological requirement of this industry. Therefore, it’s necessary to set up scientific analyses of the process while the development of the high quality screw and nut products for special alloy steel becomes increasingly important.

　　Flat-die thread rolling is a kind of cold rolling with superior mechanical properties, but product quality, die life-span and efficiency are influenced by complicated parameters. This thesis investigates the effects of the parameters on effective stress, effective strain, thread height and process load with finite element method software DEFORM 3D,. Moreover, micro-hardness test was used to verify the suitability and accuracy of finite element method for flat die thread rolling process.

　　This thesis’s conclusion about the thread rolling process parameters including material properties, flat thread die geometry, friction coefficient of interface, interval between two thread dies and rolling process. According to the analysis result of this thesis, engineers can take it as reference.

[1] ASM Handbook Vol.9, ”Metallography and microstructures”, pp.279-281, 1995.

[2] Domblesky, J.P., F. Feng, “A parametric study of process parameters in external thread rolling”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.121, pp.341-349, 2002.

[3] Domblesky, J.P., F. Feng, ”Two-dimensional and three-diemensional finite element model of external thread rolling”,J. Eng. Manuf., Part B, Vol.216, pp.507-517, 2002.

[4] Eriksson, C.L., P.-L. Larsson, D.J. Rowcliffe, ”Strain-hardening and residual stress effects in plastic zones around indentations”, J. of Materials Science and Engineering, Vol.A340, pp.193-203, 2003.

[5] Fluhrer, J., ”DEFORM 3D Version 5.0 User Manual”, Scientific Forming Technologies Corporation, 2003.

[6] Hartley, P., C.E.N. Strugess, G.W. Rowe, ”Prediction of deformation and homogeneity in rim-disc forging”, J. of Mechanical Working Technology, Vol.4, pp.145-154, 1980.

[7] Ivanov, V., ”Profile of Rollers for thread rolling”, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol.59, pp.333-336, 1995.

[8] Ivanov, V., ”Rolling of internal threads：part 1”, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol.72, pp.214-220, 1997.

[9] Ivanov, V., ”Rolling of internal threads：part 2”,
Journal of materials processing technology, Vol.72, pp.221-225, 1997.

[10]Ivanov, V., ”Rolling of long screws”, Journal of materials processing technology, Vol.82, pp.1-12, 1998.

[11]Kobayashi, S., S.I. Oh, T. Altan, ”Metal forming and the finite-element method”, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998.

[12]Kobayashi, M., H. Sakuta, ”Prediction of mechanical properties and microstructures in forged 1050 aluminum by numerical simulation”, J. of Japan Institute of Light Metals, Vol.40, pp.805-810, 1990. (in Japanese)

[13]Koeppel, B.J., G. Subhash, ”Characteristics of residual plastic zone under static and dynamic Vickers indentations”, Wear, Vol.244, pp.56-67, 1999.

[14]Kudo, H., K. Sato, K. Aoi, ”On cold forgeability test”, Annals of CIRP, Vol.16, pp.309-318, 1967.

[15]Lange, K., ”Handbook of Metal Forming”, New York：McGraw-Hill,1985.

[16]Rowe, G.W., ”Principles of Industrial Metalworking Processes”, Edward Arnold(Publishers), Ltd., London, 1977.

[17]Tabor, D., ”The Hardness and strength of materials”, J. Inst. Metal, Vol.79, pp.1-18, 1950.

[18]小栗富士雄、小栗達男，”標準機械設計圖表便覽”，臺隆書店，1990。

[19]中國國家標準(CNS)-維克氏及諾布氏顯微鏡下硬度試驗法，總號:7094，類號:Z8017，1983。

[20]日本螺紋工業協會編輯委員著，賴耿陽、歐靜枝編譯，”螺紋、螺絲、螺帽”，復文書局，1987。

[21]王凱弘，”電腦輔助工程軟體應用於微觀組織的模擬解析介紹”，台灣鍛造協會 - 鍛造技術新知，2003，7月。

[22]李榮顯，”塑性加工學”，三民書局，1986。

[23]邱貽昱，”螺絲產業對大陸投資之研究”，國立高雄第一科技大學，碩士論文，2002。

[24]洪炎星，”我國螺絲螺帽產業進出口概況”，金屬中心IT IS產業評析，2003，5月。

[25]航發訓練中心，85年度經濟部科技專案業界培訓計劃, 航太鍛件驗證系統技術研討會教材，1996。

[26]黃俊琦，”金屬材料手冊”，機械技術出版社，1988。

[27]經濟部技術處，2003金屬製品業年鑑-螺絲螺帽篇，2003。

[28]顏玉山，”螺絲製造技術”，全華科技圖書股份有限公司，
1985。

[29]謝旻淵，”台灣螺絲螺帽產業發展軌跡及成形技術的創新模式之研究”，國立高雄第一科技大學，碩士論文，2003。