電漿被稱為“物質的第四種狀態”，是由氣體部分離子化所形成的；在兩電極間可形成穩定電流，而產生極高的溫度((6,000至10,000 ℃)。電漿產生之高溫目前已被應用於工業界，將熔融煤渣、合金、和汽化廢棄物，將其產生之熱源再轉換成合成氣，成為目前工業最乾淨之能源。
一般金屬觸媒常被塗覆在高表面積支持載體材料上，金屬觸媒物質常為貴重金屬元素、鹼金屬過渡元素及其混合所組成之類等。高表面積支持載體材料係由氧化鋁、氧化鋯、二氧化鈦、二氧化矽或這些氧化物之二或多種之組合所構成。亦可塗佈陶瓷或金屬基質結構上。在經一連串化學反應後，金屬觸媒表面常為有機物質及油汙所覆蓋，而造成金屬觸媒逐漸失效。
本研究目的提供一種簡單電漿還原製程方法，將含氧金屬失效觸媒再生，並利用電漿技術，以惰性氣體當載體氣體，煅燒貴金屬及含氧金屬失效觸媒。因失效觸媒上殘存含油殘渣，在電漿熔融反應器中，有機含油殘渣會被轉換成合成氣，再利用合成氣與失效鈀、鉑觸媒進行潔淨或還原再生，成為金屬元素。
本實驗結果顯示利用電漿熔融技術可將失效氧化鎳觸媒、氧化鈷-氧化鉬觸媒及鉑觸媒還原再生成鎳金屬觸媒、鈷-鉬金屬觸媒及鉑觸媒，以4-咪唑丙烯酸經還原再生之鉑金屬觸媒催化氫化成3-(咪唑-4-基-)丙酸轉換率可達97.8%，與使用新鮮觸媒進行氫化反應的轉換率(98.8%)差別不大，可證明利用電漿熔融技術再生之鉑觸媒活性幾可與新鮮觸媒相同。

關鍵詞：氧化觸媒；鹼金屬過渡元素；支持載體材料；電漿煅燒；合成
氣；觸媒再生

Plasma is a quasi-neutral gas consisting of a large amount of charged and neutral active species. These diverse active species with the high energy radiation capability of plasma can help to enhance the chemical reactions substantially and to make some reactions possible. As for gasification, it is commonly applied to convert coal, biomass, and waste materials to syngas and useful chemicals in industries.
Supported metallic catalysts were widely used in industry for hydrogenation, hydrotreating, and steam-reforming reaction. The metallic catalysts was supported on the ceramic substrates (i.e., silica and alumina) to increase its surface area for achieving better catalytic efficiency. After multiple of catalytic reactions, the surface of metal-supported catalyst was completely covered with organic tar and loses its catalytic efficiency.
This thesis is the recovery of metal and reduction of metal oxide of the spent catalyst in nitrogen medium under plasma conditions.
The spent catalysts were sintered and organic wastes are converted to syngas in thermal plasma reactor. The gases evolved upon recovery of metal (Pt) and reduction of metal oxide (NiO2, Co3O4-MoO2) to metal are continuously pumped out the system and clarify the spent alumina-supported platinum catalyst. The results demonstrate that the thermal plasma treatment makes reduction of metal oxide to metal by single step thermal plasma processing.

Key word： Oxidation catalyst；Alkali metal transition elements；Support carrier material；Plasma sinter；syngas；catalyst reduction

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