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研究生：	陳願年 Chen, Yuan-Nien
論文名稱：	二氧化鈦奈米電紡纖維在光捕獲現象與增強光觸媒之研究 Light Propagation and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities in Electrospun Titania Nanofibers
指導教授：	郭昌恕 Kuo, Changshu
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工學院 - 材料科學及工程學系 Department of Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年：	2009
畢業學年度：	97
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	109
中文關鍵詞：	奈米纖維、電紡絲、二氧化鈦、水分解、光電流、氫氣製造、光捕獲
外文關鍵詞：	Photocurrent, Light-propagation, Nanofibers, Titanium Dioxide, Hydrogen Production, Electrospinning, Water splitting
相關次數：	點閱：118 下載：2
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本研究中以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)與四異丙烷氧化鈦(TTIP)作為電紡絲的溶膠─凝膠配方，藉由電紡絲技術製備二氧化鈦奈米纖維。後續製程以450oC鍛燒去除有機物並使PVP/TTIP混合奈米纖維轉變為銳鈦礦相的二氧化鈦奈米纖維。如同穿透式分光光譜所證，當光在自由散佈的二氧化鈦奈米纖維中散射時，二氧化鈦奈米纖維可作為光捕獲的基材。仔細驗證相對變寬的散射光譜跟二氧化鈦奈米纖維的直徑及厚度的關係。直徑200到450奈米的二氧化鈦奈米纖維與最大散射強度的波長範圍350到650奈米有很高的相依性。最大散射強度的波長和所對應的二氧化鈦奈米纖維直徑之間的線性相關與米氏散射理論相當的一致。此外，在紫外光照射下所量測的二氧化鈦奈米纖維的光電流和氫氣產量，是利用重量、纖維表面積與BET的表面積作校正。這兩組實驗皆證明了二氧化鈦奈米電紡纖維的光捕獲現象隨著厚度線性增強，而光捕獲現象也顯著地增加照光能量的轉換效率。

Titania nanofibers were fabricated by an electrospinning technique using poly(vinylpyrrolidione) (PVP) and titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as electrospinning sol-gel formulas. Post calcination process at 450oC removed the organic contents and converted the as-spun PVP/TTIP blends to anatase titania nanofibers. Randomly deposited titania nanofibers acted as the light propagation matrix where the light scattering took place as evidenced by their transmission UV-vis spectra. Relatively-broadened scattering UV-vis spectra as functions of titania fiber diameters and deposition thicknesses were carefully examined. The wavelength with maximum scattering outputs ranged from 350 to 650nm was highly depended on the diameters of titania nanofibers from 200 to 450nm. The linear correlation between maximum scattering wavelengths and titania fiber diameters was found in a good agreement with the Mie scattering theory. In addition, photocurrents and hydrogen productions of these titania nanofibers were measured under the UV irradiation with normalization by sample weights, fiber surface areas, and BET surface areas. Both investigations confirmed the light propagation in electrospun titania nanofibers linearly increased with the deposition thicknesses, which also significantly improved the efficiency of irradiation energy conversions.

Abstract...............................................................................................................I
摘要....................................................................................................................II
Acknowledgement...........................................................................................III
Contents...........................................................................................................IV
List of Tables..................................................................................................VII
List of Illustrations.......................................................................................VIII
1. Introduction...................................................................................................1
1-1. Hydrogen Energy................................................................................1
1-1-1. Photocatalyst.............................................................................2
1-2. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)....................................................................5
1-2-1. Crystal Structure and Properties of TiO2..............................5
1-2-2. Mechanism of TiO2 Photocatalytic Water-splitting..............6
1-3. Chemical Additives for Hydrogen Production Enhancement......12
1-4. Sol-gel Method..................................................................................13
1-5. Electrospinning of Photocatalytic Nanofibers...............................15
1-6. Principle of Mie Scattering..............................................................17
1-7. Research Motivation.........................................................................20
2. Experimental...............................................................................................21
2-1. Materials and Experimental Instruments......................................21
2-1-1. Materials..................................................................................21
2-1-2. Experimental Instruments.....................................................21
2-1-3. Electrospinning Apparatus....................................................22
2-2. Experimental Procedures.................................................................24
2-2-1. Fabrications of TiO2 Nanofibers...........................................24
2-2-1-1. Preparations of Sol-gel Solution for Electrospinning.....24
2-2-1-2. Preparations of Electrospinning Solution...........................24
2-2-1-3. Fabrications of Nanofibers by Electrospinning................25
2-2-2. Fabrications of Samples for Photocurrent Measurement..25
2-2-2-1. Fabrications of TiO2 Thin Film Photoelectrodes..............25
2-2-2-2. Fabrications of Prefabricated Layers...................................26
2-2-2-3. Fabrications of PVP/TTIP Nanofiber Photoelectrodes...27
2-2-2-4. Calcination Process to Crystallize TiO2 Nanofibers........27
2-2-2-5. Treatments of TiCl4 Solution.................................................27
2-2-3. Fabrications of Samples for Hydrogen Production............28
2-3. Analysis Instruments........................................................................33
2-3-1. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).................................33
2-3-2. X-ray Diffractometer (XRD).................................................33
2-3-3. N2 Absorption-desorption Isotherm.....................................34
2-3-4. UV-vis Spectrometer (UV-vis)................................................34
2-3-5. Potentiostat..............................................................................34
2-3-6. Gas Chromatography (GC)...................................................35
3. Results and Discussion................................................................................39
3-1. As-spun PVP/TTIP Nanofibers.......................................................39
3-1-1. Morphologies..........................................................................39
3-2. Calcined TiO2 Nanofibers................................................................44
3-2-1. Morphologies..........................................................................44
3-2-2. Crystal Structures...................................................................50
3-2-3. Specific Surface Areas and Pore Sizes..................................55
3-2-4. Band Gap Energies.................................................................59
3-3 Light Propagation in TiO2 Nanofibers............................................63
3-3-1. UV-vis Absorption Spectra in Transmission Mode.............63
3-3-2. Simulation of Mie Scattering in TiO2 Nanofibers...............69
3-3-2-1. Parameters in Simulation........................................................69
3-3-2-2. Simulation Results...................................................................70
3-4. Photocatalytic Activities of TiO2 Nanofibers..................................74
3-4-1. Photoresponse of TiO2 Nanofiber Electrodes......................74
3-4-1-1. J-V Curves..................................................................................74
3-4-1-2. Maximum Output Power per Unit Area..............................81
3-4-1-3. Normalization of Pop................................................................83
3-4-1-4. Regularization of Pop by That of Prefabricated Layer.....88
3-4-2. Hydrogen Production by Photocatalytic Water-splitting...95
4. Conclusion.................................................................................................100
Reference........................................................................................................102
                                    

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校內：2012-08-19公開
校外：2014-08-19公開

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