發炎反應，在生物體內是一種先天性免疫防禦機制，來阻絕外來物和病原體的入侵，在發炎的過程中，巨噬細胞扮演著吞噬病原體和分泌多種細胞因子和趨化因子的角色，而這些細胞因子刺激了整個免疫系統的反應，但是當促發炎的細胞因子不正常釋放而導致的慢性發炎症狀，則是會引發一連串的疾病，像是糖尿病、自體免疫疾病、動脈粥樣硬化、阿茲海默症和癌症等。而在過去的研究，對於發炎基因表現的調控，都著重於發炎基因的後轉錄調控，鮮少人去探討發炎基因的在轉譯下的控制，本篇站在另一個角度，從核糖體調控發炎基因轉譯的方向切入，下了一個假說，認為具有特殊組成的核糖體會專一性地去轉譯一群發炎基因的表現。核糖體的組成分，是由核糖體RNA和核糖體蛋白所組成的，而由先前的研究中發現，不同情況下，核糖體的組成分是會改變的，而稱之為專門核糖體，專門核糖體依照其特殊的組成物，可以辨識特定族群的mRNAs，在生物體內選擇性地轉譯特定RNA，來回應環境的改變。然而，在發炎底下這個系統目前還不大清楚。因此，本篇先是利用生物資訊分析的方式，證實了核糖體蛋白在不同情形下的變動，進一步以實驗來觀察巨噬細胞在LPS刺激的發炎情形下，核糖體蛋白的變化，在發炎刺激下多數的核糖體蛋白其RNA量會受到影響而改變，接著以多核糖體結合基因分析(Polysome profile assay)，分離出轉譯活性高的核糖體蛋白RNA，代表其蛋白質表現量有增加，歸納出可能參與在發炎基因調控上的核糖體蛋白。這個發現有助於我們去發掘發炎基因的後轉錄調控機制，並有效地去解決發炎反應所產生的疾病。

Inflammation is a primary response of the organism to the injurious stimuli, and prevent organism from injury by initiating the healing process. However, sustained inflammation can lead to a series of diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis and even cancers. In the past, numerous studies focused on the transcription regulation of inflammatory gene, included in the NF-B and MAPK signaling pathways. Recently research have discovered that the ‘specialized ribosome’, which has a unique composition, can regulate the translation of a subset of transcripts. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specialized ribosome, which formation during inflammation, can regulate a group of inflammatory genes in macrophages. The ribosome composed of rRNAs and ribosomal proteins (RPs), so we speculated some RPs may up-regulation to form specialized ribosomes under inflammation. However, the mechanism of specialized ribosome in regulating of inflammation response was poorly understood. To identify which RPs may involve in regulating inflammation, we performed bioinformatics analysis includes ESTs database, microarray and NGS data. These data show that RPs are not universal expression upon LPS-treatment, some RPs have significant change in mRNA expression. To further validate this hypothesis, we treated MH-S cell line with LPS and RP mRNAs were quantified by qPCR analysis. In addition, the translation efficiency of RPs upon LPS-treatment was simultaneously observed by polysome profiling assay. Finally, we classified a cluster of RPs that possibly involved in regulation of inflammation. This finding may uncover a new posttranscriptional mechanism in regulating inflammation and important to resolve inflammation.

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