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研究生：	林峰吉 Lin, Feng-Chi
論文名稱：	建構外包不確定性下啟發式演算法於扣件業生產排程 Heuristic Algorithm of Production Scheduling with Outsourcing Uncertainty in Fastener Manufacturer
指導教授：	李家岩 Lee, Chia-Yen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電機資訊學院 - 製造資訊與系統研究所 Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems
論文出版年：	2020
畢業學年度：	108
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	73
中文關鍵詞：	生產排程、外包不確定性、五金扣件業、最小化最大損失
外文關鍵詞：	Production Scheduling, Outsourcing Uncertainty, Fastener Manufacturer, MiniMax Regret(MMR)
相關次數：	點閱：65 下載：0
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五金扣件產業中，產品存在多樣化的特性，多樣化包含不同種類的規格要求以及生產過程中原料和模具間的使用限制，導致製造的過程相當的複雜。在這種情況下，生產排程不僅需要考慮到期日，更應該將換線、換膜時間納入考量。此外，在生產計劃中機台的產能限制也應該一併納入考量。
由於生產製造的過程中，場內無法加工所有訂單的產品，所以存在一定比例的外包。這些外包的工單在給供應商加工結束後，會回到場內繼續完成後續的製程。因此，外包的回廠時間會顯著的影響後續的排程結果。實際上，不同的供應商之間，外包的時間不確定性有很大的差別。
本研究提出了前推與後推式排程邏輯，並結合現場師傅的使用者經驗，開發出兩套啟發式演算法，用以解決上述提出之問題。對於外包的不確定性，則是發展了統計的方法以及透過最小化最大損失(Minimax Regret)來比較外包時間對排程造成的影響。在實證研究中，透過五金扣件業驗證了本研究提出之模型，結果顯示，兩種演算法皆有各自的優點以及使用目的，且都優於目前需要依賴大量人工作業的方法。

Scheduling plays an important role in the manufacturing industry. Due to a complicated manufacturing network, there are many factors to be considered such as processing time, change time, and machine selection in the scheduling problem. Another issue is that there is a certain proportion of outsourcing in the whole process due to insufficient capacity of some parts of the manufacturing processes. These outsourcing lots will return the manufacturer and continue the subsequent processing flow, and thus the lead time of outsourcing will significantly affect the scheduling performance. In fact, depending on different suppliers, the uncertainty of outsourcing lead time vary severely.
This study considers forward-scheduling and backward-scheduling simultaneously and develops two efficient heuristic algorithms combining engineering experiences to solve production scheduling problem. For outsourcing, we develop statistical methods and deal with the lead time uncertainty by minimax regret (MMR) approach. An empirical study of the fastener manufacturing is conducted to validate the proposed model. The results show that both algorithms have their own advantages respectively and better than current scheduling method which highly depends on the artificial judgment and manual adjustment.

Table of Contents
中文摘要	I
Abstract	II
Table of Contents	III
List of Figures	VI
List of Tables	VIII
Chapter 1.	Introduction	1
1.1	Background and Motivation	1
1.2	Problem Description and Research Purposes	3
1.3	Research Overview	4
Chapter 2.	Literature Review	6
2.1	Related Research of Scheduling	7
2.1.1	Classification of Scheduling Problems	7
2.1.2	Scheduling Method	10
2.1.3	Scheduling in Fastener Manufacturer	14
2.2	Related Research of Outsourcing	18
2.2.1	Outsourcing Strategy	18
2.2.2	Uncertainty of Outsourcing	20
2.3	Decision under Uncertainty	23
2.3.1	Decision Type and Related Methods	23
2.3.2	Scheduling under Outsourcing Uncertainty	26
2.4	Summary and Discussion	26
Chapter 3.	Scheduling of Fastener Manufacturer	29
3.1	Front-End Process	31
3.1.1	Data Collection	32
3.1.2	Parameter Setting	33
3.1.3	Data Preprocessing	33
3.1.4	Dummy Dispatch List Generation	34
3.1.5	Efficient Heuristic Production Scheduling	34
3.2	An empirical study of the front-end process	37
3.3	Back-End Process	38
3.3.1	Data Collection	40
3.3.2	Efficient Heuristic Production Scheduling	41
3.4	An empirical study of the Back-End process	44
3.5	Scheduling Issues	45
3.5.1	Trade-off Changeover Times and Makespan	45
3.5.2	Critical Ratio (CR)	46
3.5.3	Forward and Backward Scheduling	47
3.6	In-house discussion	48
3.6.1	Scheduling Result	48
3.6.2	AS-IS and TO-BE Process Flow for Scheduling	49
Chapter 4.	Uncertainty of outsourcing	51
4.1	Outsourcing	52
4.2	Data Discussion	53
4.3	Outsourcing Method	56
4.3.1	Median	56
4.3.2	Minimax Regret (MMR)	57
4.3.3	Random Forest	60
4.4	An empirical study	61
Chapter 5.	Conclusion and Future Research	65
References	66
Appendix	69

 
List of Figures
Figure 1.1 One of the product types- Self Drilling Screw (from Sheh Fung screws company, 2020)	2
Figure 1.2 Manufacturing process of fastener industry	2
Figure 1.3 This study in production planning and control (revised from Lee (2006))	5
Figure 2.1 The conceptual structure of literature review	6
Figure 2.2 Methodology of scheduling problem revised from Wu (2016)	10
Figure 2.3 Information ﬂow diagram in a manufacturing system (Pinedo, 2012)	27
Figure 3.1 Front/Back end process	29
Figure 3.2 Research Framework	30
Figure 3.3 Front-End process flow chart	31
Figure 3.4 An instance shows	dummy dispatch list generation	34
Figure 3.5 Pseudocode of front-end scheduling algorithm	36
Figure 3.6 Back-end process flow chart	39
Figure 3.7 Flow chart for handling production line imbalance	42
Figure 3.8 Pseudocode of back-end scheduling algorithm	43
Figure 3.9 An example shows trade-off changeover times and makespan	46
Figure 3.10 A schematic diagram of forward Scheduling	47
Figure 3.11 A schematic diagram of backward Scheduling	48
Figure 3.12 An instance for scheduling result	49
Figure 3.13 AS-IS process flow for scheduling	50
Figure 3.14 TO-BE Process Flow for Scheduling	50
Figure 4.1 Framework of chapter 4.	51
Figure 4.2 Relationship between in-house scheduling and outsourcing	52
Figure 4.3 The relationship between quantity and days of suppliers 1	53
Figure 4.4 The relationship between quantity and days of suppliers 2	54
Figure 4.5 The relationship between quantity and days of suppliers 3	54
Figure 4.6 The relationship between quantity and days of suppliers 4	54
Figure 4.7 The distribution of expected returning day of heat treatment	55
Figure 4.8 The distribution of expected returning day of electroplating	55
 
List of Tables
Table 1.1 Characteristics of fastener industry (from Yang, 2015)	1
Table 2.1 Method comparison	13
Table 2.2 Study of Fastener Scheduling	17
Table 2.3 Types of Uncertainty (Flynn et al., 2016)	22
Table 2.4 Decision Type and Related Methods revised from Lee (2006)	24
Table 3.1 Data collection in front-end process	32
Table 3.2 An instance of machine events.	33
Table 3.3  An instance for dispatching rules from manual experience	35
Table 3.4 KPIs of front-end scheduling result	38
Table 3.5 Data collection in back-end process	40
Table 3.6 The priority order of machine selection	41
Table 3.7 KPIs of back-end scheduling result	44
Table 4.1 Pros and cons of median	56
Table 4.2 Input data of random forest	60
Table 4.3 Random forest result of heat treatment	61
Table 4.4 Random forest result of electroplating	61
Table 4.5 Comparison two method result of heat treatment.	62
Table 4.6 Comparison two method result of electroplating	62
Table 4.7 KPIs of heat treatment (443)	63
Table 4.8 KPIs of electroplating (1778)	63


                                    

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Website Reference
Sheh Fung screws company，Product Catalog，http://www.shehfung.com/, Assessed by AUG,2020
經濟部統計處，http://www.moea.gov.tw/MNS/dos/home/Home.aspx, Assessed by AUG,2020
楊子賸，2015，台灣扣件產業發展趨勢，https://www.trademag.org.tw/Upload/tam_tam/662715/ 104年行銷服務列車_扣件專題報導簡報.pdf, Assessed by AUG,2020

校內：2025-08-20公開
校外：2025-08-20公開

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