目的：輕度認知障礙係指為腦部功能從正常老化至失智症退化的過渡階段，功能性體適能則是評估高齡者身體應對日常生活各項作息的綜合能力，本研究目的在於探討不同程度認知障礙高齡者在功能性體適能的相關與差異。
方法：以聖路易大學心智狀態 (SLUMS) 量表針對352 位60歲以上之社區高齡者進行認知篩檢，完成檢測人數共185位，分成正常認知組55人、輕度認知障礙組75人、中重度認知障礙組55人，測量上肢肌力 (握力) 、上肢肌耐力 (30秒手臂屈舉)、下肢肌耐力 (30秒坐到站)、柔軟度 (抓背測驗、椅子坐姿前彎)、心肺功能 (2分鐘踏步)及敏捷與平衡能力 (8呎立走) 等七項高齡者功能性體適能。以皮爾森積差相關係數 (pearson’s product moment correlation) 考驗SLUMS分數與各項功能性體適能之間的關係，並以性別、年齡、BMI為共變量的單因子共變數分析 (one-way ANCOVA) 考驗三組認知能力間功能性體適能之差異。
結果：結果顯示SLUMS分數 (認知程度) 與功能性體適能間各項影響因子具顯著相關性 (p<.05)。正常認知組部分依變項顯著高於中重度認知障礙組，包含上肢肌力 (10.9%) 與肌耐力 (14.5%)、下肢肌耐力 (28.6%)、上下肢柔軟度 (88%；95.2%)、心肺功能 (9.2%)、敏捷與平衡能力 (22.4%)(P<.05)，輕度認知障礙組則在上肢肌耐力 (10.7%)、下肢肌耐力 (21.4%)、上肢柔軟度 (67.8%)、心肺耐力 (8.9%)、敏捷及平衡能力 (18.3%) 顯著優於中重度認知障礙組 (P<.05)，下肢柔軟度正常認知組顯著優於輕度認知障礙組 (156.3%)(P<.05)。
結論：不同認知程度之高齡者在部分功能性體適能項目確實有差異，並可能隨著認知能力的下降有衰退的趨勢，多數功能性體適能項目在輕度認知障礙階段均尚未有嚴重退化之情形，尤其肌耐力、心肺能力、敏捷及平衡能力；輕度認知障礙階段是預防高齡者在日常生活中獨立自主能力衰退的關鍵時期。建議未來在老化或認知功能衰退的同時，可加強該項目之健身策略，預防認知衰退及身體功能的快速老化，減少日後與日常生活相關之功能性體適能能力。

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the levels of functional fitness in a community-dwelling elderly population with different levels of cognitive impairment.
Methods: 185 community-dwelling older adults were divided into normal cognitive group (NOR, N=55), mild cognitive impairment group (MCI, N=75) and serious cognitive impairment (SCI, N=55) group using the Saint Louis University Mental Status (SLUMS) examination. The Senior Functional Fitness Test (SFFT) was used to measure upper muscle strength (30-second arm curl), lower muscle strength (30-second chair-to-stand), aerobic endurance (two-minute step), upper (back scratch) and lower flexibility (chair sit-and-reach), agility and dynamic balance (eight-foot up-and-go).
Results: There was a significant relationship between the SLUMS score and SFFT. The NOR subjects scored significantly higher than the SCI subjects in lower- and upper-body strength (28.6%; 14.5%), max strength (10.9%), upper- and lower-body flexibility (88%; 95.2%), cardiovascular endurance (9.2%) and dynamic balance (22.4%) (p<.05). The MCI subjects also had better performance than the SCI group with regard to lower- and upper-body strength (10.7%; 21.4%), cardiovascular endurance (8.9%), lower-body flexibility (67.8%), and dynamic balance (18.3%) (p<.05). Furthermore, the lower-body flexibility of the MCI group was significantly lower than that of the NC subjects (156.3%, p<.05).
Conclusion: The level of cognitive impairment was correlated to the degree of functional fitness in the group of community-dwelling elderly adults examined in this work, influencing muscle strength, flexibility, cardiovascular endurance and dynamic balance. The MCI period is perhaps the key phase during which it is still possible for most elderly people to return the normal condition of functional fitness. Therefore, any interventions aimed at achieving this should be developed to reflect the subject’s level of cognitive abilities.

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