| 研究生: |
陳香如 Chen, Hsiang-Ju |
|---|---|
| 論文名稱: |
花崗岩破裂面分形維度量測之研究 The Measurement of the Fractal Dimension on the Fracture Surfaces of Granite |
| 指導教授: |
王建力
Wang, Jian-Li |
| 學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
| 系所名稱: |
工學院 - 資源工程學系 Department of Resources Engineering |
| 論文出版年: | 2002 |
| 畢業學年度: | 90 |
| 語文別: | 中文 |
| 論文頁數: | 138 |
| 中文關鍵詞: | 花崗岩 、分形維度 、可視面積 、高速攝影 、加載速率 、可視長度 |
| 外文關鍵詞: | visible area, high-speed video system, loading rate, visible length, fractal dimension, Granite |
| 相關次數: | 點閱:77 下載:3 |
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本研究計畫在實驗室內量測花崗岩破裂面之分形特性。以不同加載速率製作花崗岩破裂面,並以高速攝影系統拍攝。此外,於試體側面中心處黏貼應變計,用以觀測試體之應變變化。
試驗中,由於破裂面製作盒並無將試體固定束制的裝備,導致試體受衝擊而發生微小偏轉。為此,本研究利用有限元素分析程式ANSYS針對試體與破裂面製作盒之間的接觸長度(w)作一敏感度分析,推論在加載速率0.1~0.3mm/min下,試體與破裂面製作盒接近於完全接觸的情形(5cm);在加載速率大於1mm/min,其接觸長度介於2.5~5cm。
分形維度計算係根據Mandelbrot提出之分形維度概念公式,以求取此一系列花崗岩試體破壞後,破裂表面的分形維度。試驗發現,試體破裂表面的剖面線分形維度值,範圍約在1.0054~1.0351;可視長度範圍約在91.7700~100.6336 mm。剖面線分形維度與可視長度的次數分佈圖呈一偏態走向。此外,利用各種分形維度與岩石不連續面粗糙度(JRC)之關係式,以評估各試體剖面之JRC數值。花崗岩試體破裂表面的分形維度值,範圍約在2.0053~2.0161;可視面積範圍約在8281.961~8604.070mm2。本研究發現,不同加載速率下對試體破裂面之分形維度與破裂表面可視面積(A0)之關係曲線一致,但與加載速率並無明顯的關係。
This study proposes to measure the fractal dimensions on the fracture surfaces of a series of cubic granite samples that are created through a fracture-making device by different displacement-controlled loading rates. The observations of fracture-making processes were attempted by using a high-speed video system. In addition, the strain gage rosette was attached on each rock sample in order to record its strain response.
Because of the design flaws of the fracture-making device, it was found that during testing, the rock sample was not fixed and could rotate to some extent when an impact was being imposed. For this reason, a finite element analysis was carried out to evaluate this phenomenon. The analysis has shown that the contact length between the rock sample and fracture-making device could be affected by different loading rates. It is conjectured that when the loading rate is between 0.1 ~ 0.3 mm/min, the contact between specimen and fracture-making box should be in a perfect condition (5cm); however, when the loading rate is above 1 mm/min, the contact length should become less perfect (about 2.5~5cm).
The fracture profiles on each rock sample were measured using a laser profile meter and the fractal dimensions were calculated according to Mandelbrot’s theory. The range of the profiles’ fractal dimension on fracture surface of all samples is 1.0054~1.0351 and the range of the visible length is 91.7700~100.6336 mm. The frequency distribution histograms of the profiles’ fractal dimension and visible length both show a skew tendency. The joint roughness coefficient (JRC) of each profile was estimated by using various regression equations that correlate fractal dimensions with JRCs. Furthermore, the range of surface’s fractal dimension on fracture surface of all samples is 2.0053~2.0161 and the range of the visible area is 8281.961~8604.070 mm2. It was observed that both the fractal dimensions and visible areas of fracture surface have the same tendency on loading rates. However, it is not clear that the loading rates being investigated have any effect on the fractal dimension of the fracture surfaces of the rock samples.
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