本研究選取市面上常用之九種拜香，將其分別置於自製之燃燒室內，通入已淨化之空氣進行燃燒，配合微孔均勻沈積衝擊器（MOUDI）及填充吸附劑（XAD-2）之玻璃套筒，將可分別全量收集拜香燃煙中之粒狀及氣狀污染物質且不受背景空氣污染物之干擾，以探討拜香原料中主要成分對於燃燒特徵的影響。
研究結果顯示，不同種類拜香中所含之金屬含量有顯著差異，而主要金屬類型相似，其含量排序之差異亦不大，均以Ca、K含量為最多。燃燒不同種類相似尺寸拜香之燃盡時間、燃燒速率、懸浮微粒排放係數、灰質量排放係數、單位時間灰質量產生率等均有顯著差異，然而單位時間懸浮微粒質量產生率卻相當類似。此外，單一支拜香之燃燒時間越短，則所排放的總微粒質量越少。而單位重量所排放之香灰越多則所排放的懸浮微粒就越少，可作為一般民眾在選擇拜香時於健康考量上的簡單判斷依據。九種拜香燃煙之平均質量中位數粒徑（MMAD）為262 nm，凝結作用為影響拜香燃煙之MMAD之重要機制之一。P-PAHs（固相多環芳香烴化合物）之毒性效應遠高於G-PAHs（氣相多環芳香烴化合物）有50倍以上。而P-PAHs並無明顯集中於單一粒徑，PAHs排放量於不同粒徑分佈與懸浮微粒情形相當類似。
在製造過程中適度的增加拜香成分中重金屬成分，如Ca、Al、Fe、Mg及K，可有效減少燃燒拜香時懸浮微粒的產生量。碳酸鈣（CaCO3）為製造拜香時最常用來降低成本之添加劑，添加Ca含量由0.5%增加至5%時，可有效將燃燒拜香時之懸浮微粒產生量減少約一半。若Ca含量由0.5%增加至2.0%時，約可降低PAHs產生量15-30%，可有效減少拜香燃煙對於民眾之健康危害，亦可做為進一步研擬改善降低拜香燃燒產生懸浮微粒方法之重要參考資料。

A combustion chamber study was conducted for nine types of incenses. They were separately burned in the chamber continuously supplied with clean and filtered air. Solid and gas phase pollutants from each burned incense were quantitatively collected with a micro-orifice uniform deposited impactor (MOUDI) and an XAD-2 cartridge, respectively. The main metallic contents in raw material incense were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry; influence of the main metallic contents upon the characteristics of combustion was evaluated.
The metals content in different types incense were obviously different. However, the order of quantities of metal elements was similar in all incenses. The contents of Ca and K were the highest among all metallic elements in the raw materials of the incense. Under the same burning conditions, the combustion duration, burning rate, ash emission factor, and particulate emission factor and ash generation rate varied among different types of incense. The particulate generation rates are however quite similar among all incense — the shorter the combustion duration of a stick, the lower the total suspended particulate emission. Additionally, with the same incense weight burned, the greater the emission of ash, the lower the emission of suspended particulate. Consumers can select healthy incense based on these results.
The average mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of the smoke aerosol was 262 ± 49 nm. Coagulation was a major mechanism that dictates the MMAD of the smoke. For each type of incense investigated in this study, the Total-BaPeq of the P-PAHs was found to be consistently more than fifty times higher than that of the corresponding G-PAHs. No specific pattern in particle size distribution was found for P-PAHs.
Appropriate amount of metals addedwould reduce the level of suspended particulates in incense burning. Ca was inorganic salt, CaCO3 which is added during production due to its low cost.
More importantly, increasing the calcium content from 0.5 to 5.0% by adding CaCO3 reduced the particulate emission from incense by approximately 50%. Changing the calcium content from 0.5 to 2.0% would decrease 15-30% of the emission of P-PAHs. Therefore, addition of CaCO3 to the raw material incense will efficiently decrease genotoxic P-PAHs, hence reduce the damage to the human respiration system.

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