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研究生： 孫泰農
Sun, Tai-Nong
論文名稱： 鎳基690合金於高溫高速荷載下之動態塑變行為與顯微結構分析
Dynamic Plastic Deformation Behaviour and Microstructrual Characteristics of Inconel 690 Alloy Subjected to High Temperature and High Strain Rate Loading Conditions
指導教授： 李偉賢
Lee, Woei-Shyan
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 機械工程學系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年： 2003
畢業學年度： 91
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 134
中文關鍵詞： 鎳基690合金 、霍普金森高速撞擊試驗機 、絕熱剪切帶 、差排 、雙晶
外文關鍵詞： dislocation, twin, Inconel 690, adiabatic shear band, split-Hopkinson bar, strain rate
相關次數： 點閱：110  下載：1 
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    • 本文之研究主要是利用霍普金森高速撞擊試驗機，並配合加熱裝置，來探討鎳基690合金於高溫高速撞擊下之塑性變形行為。實驗條件為測試溫度從25℃到900℃、其應變速率為2300s-1到8300s-1，再將實驗所得到數據和微觀結果(OM、SEM、TEM)做分析，可以用來釐清應變速率和溫度對動態機械特性及相對微觀組織變化之影響，而最後再引用一合適之材料構成方程式，來描述鎳基690合金的高溫高速之塑變行為，以做為工程模擬與分析之用。
    由實驗的數據分析可以知道，鎳基690合金的機械性質受到應變速率、溫度和應變量之影響甚鉅，其在相同溫度條件下，其塑流應力值、應變速率敏感性係數皆會隨著應變速率之增加而上升，而熱活化體積及加工硬化係數則有相反之趨勢；而在同在一個應變速率下，其塑流應力值、應變速率敏感性係數、加工硬化係數則隨著溫度之增加而下降，而溫度敏感性係數與熱活化體積則隨溫度的上升而增加。最後，藉由Zerilli-Armstrong模式之構成方程式，再加入理論溫升量之修正項，其可以很準確的用來描述鎳基690合金於高溫高速撞擊下之塑變行為。
    從破壞形貌觀察，可以知道材料若受到高速衝擊時，會有絕熱剪切帶的產生，而且隨著溫度的上升，其剪切帶的寬度有變大的趨勢，而且可以發現在剪切帶裡有微空孔，並藉由空孔之聚集連結而造成材料之破壞發生；在破斷面觀察上，可以發現到主要是以韌窩組織的形貌分佈，故屬於延性破壞，而韌窩形貌會隨著應變速率的變化而有不同的改變。從TEM之觀察分析，在相同溫度的條件時，隨著應變速率之增加，其差排、雙晶密度也跟著增加。在相同應變速率條件時，隨著溫度上升，其差排胞之尺寸會隨著增加，而差排密度則會隨著減少，而雙晶在高溫條件時都沒有出現。若分別對差排和雙晶作定量分析，可以得知道其差排密度和雙晶密度分別和塑流應力值及應變速率呈線性之關係。

    A split-Hopkinson bar is used to investigate the plastic deformation behaviour of Inconel 690 super alloy subjected to high temperature and high strain rate loading conditions. Mechanical testing is performed under strain rates ranging from 2300s-1 to 8300s-1 and temperatures ranging from 25℃ to 900℃. OM, SEM and TEM microscopy techniques are used to analyze the fracture and microstructure characteristics of the deformed specimens to determine the relation between mechanical and microstructural properties. Experimental results indicate that temperature, strain and strain rate influence material mechanical properties. At constant temperature, flow stress and strain rate sensitivity increase with increasing strain rate, but activation volume and work hardening coefficient decrease. Under constant strain rate, flow stress, strain rate sensitivity and work hardening coefficient decrease with increasing temperature, but activation volume and temperature sensitivity increase. From fractographic analysis, we find fracture occurs after shear band formation. We also find dimple characteristics on fracture surfaces. Microscopy shows dislocation and twinning, with dislocation and twinning density increasing with increasing strain rate and work hardening stress, but decreasing with increasing temperature. The Zerilli-Armstrong constitutive equation with the experimentally determined specific material parameters successfully describes the flow behaviour of Inconel 690 super alloy for the tested conditions.

    中文摘要 I ABSTRACT II 誌謝 III 總目錄 IV 表目錄 VIII 圖目錄 X 符號說明 XVI 第一章 前言 1 第二章 理論與文獻回顧 4 2-1鎳基690合金性質介紹 4 2-1-1鎳基合金的分類 4 2-1-2鎳基合金的強化機構 5 2-1-3鎳基690合金 6 2-2一維波傳理論 11 2-3霍普金森桿原理 13 2-4材料塑性變形行為之特性 16 2-5塑性變形之機械測試類別 18 2-6圓柱壓縮試驗法 20 2-7材料變形構成方程式 20 第三章 實驗方法與步驟 39 3-1實驗流程 39 3-2實驗儀器與設備 39 3-2-1霍普金森動態撞擊試驗機 39 3-2-2訊號處理裝置 40 3-2-3 加熱裝置 40 3-2-4壓縮試驗機 41 3-2-5光學顯微鏡(OM) 41 3-2-6掃瞄式電子顯微鏡(SEM) 41 3-2-7穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM) 41 3-2-8雙噴射式電解拋光機 42 3-2-9鑽石刀片試片切割機 42 3-2-10微硬度試驗機 42 3-3實驗方法與步驟 42 3-3-1壓縮試件備製 42 3-3-2動態衝擊實驗 43 3-3-3靜態壓縮試驗 44 3-3-4試件金相之觀察(OM) 45 3-3-5破斷面之觀察(SEM) 45 3-3-6微硬度實驗 45 3-3-7穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM) 46 第四章 實驗結果與討論 50 4-1 應力-應變曲線圖之討論 50 4-2微硬度分析 51 4-3加工硬化率之探討 52 4-4應變速率效應 54 4-5熱活化體積 56 4-6溫度敏感性係數 57 4-7理論溫升量之探討 58 4-8材料構成方程式 60 4-9微觀組織 61 4-9-1金相組織分析 61 4-9-2破壞特微分析 63 4-9-3 TEM顯微結構分析 64 第五章 結論 125 參考文獻 127

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