背景：目前醫療和教育端已發展個別化的返校照護模式，協助癌症兒童與青少年重返校園，銜接學校與醫院的過渡期。然癌症兒童返校後，仍有許多問題需要克服，但現況尚無長期追蹤，以及合適的評值方式。因此本研究期望在這些孩子遇到困難前，醫護人員可以利用有效的問卷了解其校園適應。
目的：本研究旨在發展與測試癌症兒童返校適應問卷。
方法：本研究設計為問卷發展及信效度測試，共分三個階段。第一階段為準備階段-量表編制：藉由文獻查證、質性研究和研究者臨床經驗，了解目前現況，確定此問卷欲測量的概念和構面，編制問卷題目。第二階段為修正階段-建構表面效度和專家內容效度：邀請小兒血液腫瘤科、工具發展專家與曾經照顧過癌症兒童的學校教師，評估問卷內容與題目之適切性與清晰性，共20題；於南台灣兩家設有小兒血液腫瘤科之醫學中心，以方便取樣方式收集6-18歲之癌症兒童進行表面效度測試。第三階段為測試階段-信效度檢測：於南台灣兩家設有小兒血液腫瘤科之醫學中心，以方便取樣方式收集152位癌症兒童，其中再用電腦隨機取樣16位癌症兒童進行再測信度，將所得資料進行內在一致性之信度測試，以及使用因素分析進行建構效度測試，以確認問卷結構面向。
研究結果：整體問卷信度Cronbach's Alpha值為.791，兩週再測信度（Intraclass coefficient, ICC）為.739。效度採探索性因素分析（exploratory factor analysis, EFA）萃取出三個因素，並依其內容命名為：環境互動、保護措施和支持系統三個面向；各因素負荷量於.281至.764，可解釋變異量為47.06%，具有良好的信效度。
討論與結論：根據工具發展之測試結果，呈現此「癌症兒童返校適應問卷」具良好的信效度，能即時且有效的評估適應不佳之癌症兒童，作為擬定和修正返校照護計畫參考，強化家庭、教育與醫療端三方橋樑。

School reentry might have many difficulties for cancer children because of their treatment and transition of returning to school. This study is an instrument development study with three stages. The result demonstrates “School Reentry Adaptation Questionnaire” with 20 items is a good reliability and validity questionnaire for healthcare professional to assess maladapted cancer children immediately and as a reference for preparing and revising the school reentry care plan.

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