隨著全球氣候變遷日益嚴峻，配合臺灣政府推動2050淨零排放目標，營建工程領域之碳足跡評估已成為當前永續發展之關鍵課題。然而，都市基礎設施中之管道工程，其生命週期碳排放長期以來缺乏系統性之量化架構與實證分析。為彌補此一研究缺口，本文採用生命週期評估（Life Cycle Assessment, LCA）方法論，建構一套適用於寬頻管道工程之碳足跡量化模式，旨在鑑別施工階段之碳排放熱點、探討主要影響因子，並進一步研擬具體可行之減碳策略。
本研究以「高雄市寬頻管道斷點連接工程」為實證案例，系統性蒐集並分析民國110年至112年間之工程預算書、單價分析表等實際施工資料，建立涵蓋材料使用、施工機具操作及施工人員活動之完整生命週期盤查清冊，進而量化施工階段之碳排放量。研究結果顯示，碳排放主要集中於「材料使用」與「機具運轉」兩大類別，合計約占總排放量之99%，而人員活動所產生之排放量則可忽略不計。
此外，研究亦發現工程經費與碳排放量間具有顯著之正向關聯性，各年度之排放結構變化趨於穩定，顯示材料與機具持續為碳排放之主導因素。綜上所述，本文所建立之碳足跡量化模式與實證資料，除有助於揭示管道工程之碳排熱點與關鍵因子外，亦可作為未來公共工程進行低碳設計、施工管理與碳減量策略擬定之參考依據，以實踐國家淨零轉型政策目標，邁向永續營建之發展方向。

In response to the escalating urgency of global climate change and in alignment with Taiwan’s national policy direction under the “2050 Net-Zero Emissions Roadmap and Strategy,” the construction industry is increasingly identified as a priority sector for environmental intervention. As a major contributor to national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the construction sector plays a pivotal role in the success of decarbonization efforts. Within this context, the integration of carbon footprint assessments into infrastructure development has gained traction as a fundamental tool for promoting sustainable construction practices. Particularly, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) provides a comprehensive framework for identifying environmental impacts across the full life cycle of infrastructure projects, from material production to final construction activities.
However, while carbon footprint evaluation has become more widespread in large-scale infrastructure and building projects, there remains a notable gap in systematic research focused on urban utility systems, particularly broadband pipeline construction. These seemingly modest yet pervasive systems often escape detailed scrutiny, despite their cumulative impact on urban carbon emissions. Current literature offers limited empirical evidence or standardized methodologies for assessing the life cycle carbon emissions of such projects. Without quantitative data and analytical frameworks, stakeholders lack the necessary tools to make informed, environmentally conscious decisions during the planning and implementation phases.
To address this research shortfall, the present study adopts a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach to develop a carbon footprint quantification model specifically for broadband pipeline construction. The methodology adheres to ISO 14040/14044 standards, ensuring methodological rigor and international comparability. The core objectives of the study are threefold: (1) to identify key carbon emission hotspots throughout the construction phase; (2) to quantify the relative contribution of different emission sources—namely, materials, equipment, and labor; and (3) to provide practical and scalable strategies for emission reduction based on real-world project data.
A case study methodology was employed, centering on the “Broadband Pipeline Breakpoint Connection Project” in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. This project was selected due to its representative scope, standard construction procedures, and data availability. Data were collected from comprehensive project documentation over a three-year period (2021–2023, ROC Years 110 to 112), including detailed budget reports, unit price analysis sheets, material procurement records, and equipment operation logs. Based on these sources, a complete life cycle inventory (LCI) was constructed, identifying three main carbon emission sources: (a) material consumption (e.g., concrete, HDPE ducts, bedding materials), (b) construction equipment operations (e.g., excavators, loaders, trucks), and (c) on-site labor activities (e.g., transportation, manual handling, supervision).
Carbon emissions were calculated using a combination of internationally recognized and locally adapted emission factors. The results reveal that material use and equipment operation dominate the carbon footprint, together accounting for approximately 99% of total emissions. In contrast, emissions associated with human labor were found to be negligible in both absolute and relative terms. Among materials, concrete and HDPE pipes were identified as the most carbon-intensive components, while diesel-powered excavators and trucks represented the primary sources of emissions within the equipment category.
Further statistical analysis reveals a robust positive correlation between total project cost and overall carbon emissions, suggesting that project scale and resource intensity are reliable predictors of environmental impact. Despite fluctuations in unit prices and construction outputs across the three study years, the proportional breakdown of emissions by source remained relatively constant. This consistency reinforces the central role of materials and machinery as persistent emission drivers, irrespective of temporal or economic variation.
In addition to identifying emission hotspots, the study proposes a set of targeted reduction strategies. These include selecting lower-carbon material alternatives (e.g., recycled aggregates, low-carbon concrete), optimizing equipment usage schedules to minimize idle time and fuel consumption, and incorporating electric or hybrid machinery where feasible. The model developed in this research also offers potential for integration into early-stage project planning and public procurement frameworks, enabling decision-makers to prioritize low-carbon solutions from the outset.
In conclusion, the carbon footprint quantification model and empirical findings presented in this study significantly enhance the understanding of emission dynamics in broadband pipeline construction. By identifying critical emission sources and offering practical mitigation strategies, the research provides a scientific foundation for incorporating environmental sustainability into infrastructure development. The results are anticipated to inform the work of policymakers, municipal engineers, contractors, and sustainability consultants, supporting the broader national ambition of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050 and advancing the transition toward a more sustainable construction industry.

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