臺灣島在弧陸碰撞的作用下，約於晚中新世開始造山運動，隨造山帶的荷重造成地殼撓曲形成前陸盆地，並堆積大量來自造山帶和陸台的碎屑沈積物，即今日西部地區上新世以來的沈積岩層。本研究利用臺灣中部地區麓山帶出露及平原區地下的上部上新統至更新統進行岩象學與層序地層學分析，以探討前陸盆地與鄰近造山帶之發育的關係。
本研究於中彰投地區選取7口井的井下岩屑及兩條野外剖面，藉岩象學研究，將各井位的岩象組成繪製三角圖，Q、F、L反映來源區的特徵，L中Ls、Lv和Lm的比例則代表岩屑中材料的母岩成份。本研究發現於下段卓蘭層與錦水頁岩所含顆粒以Q或Ls為主，上段卓蘭層與香山砂岩的岩象組成則以Q和L的含量比例呈現循環性的變化。本區域的沉積物來源主要為已隆起的早期中央山脈，部分來自歐亞大陸。隨中央山脈的逐漸隆升，區域內自錦水頁岩到香山砂岩的岩屑組成，開始從Ls變為Lm，時間約位於NN19時期。
本研究亦利用井下及野外露頭描述岩相資料，進行沉積層序分析，並配合井下電測資料，分析其堆疊模式，建立海水面變化循環曲線。本研究藉古沉積環境分析，得到臺灣中部前陸盆地之沉積環境在更新世時期具有北淺南深之趨勢的結論。本研究將NN17-19劃分出50多個準層序單位，透過Fischer作圖法對各準層序單位所做的分析顯示，第三層級海水面變化有2-3期海水面下降事件。
本研究綜合上述研究成果提出兩種臺灣中部前陸盆地演化的模型:(1) NN16時期，本區域沉積物來源主要為初期造山帶上覆之沉積岩，少部分來自穩定大陸，並且根據岩象學結果顯示，該時期位於沉積中心之地區，含有較高之石英含量，而位於較遠端的地區則有較高來自受侵蝕前凸起之岩屑含量；另一種模型則認為研究區域全區皆位於沉積中心，且皆含有較高之石英含量；(2) NN17-18時期，研究區域內之沉積物來源開始出現低度變質岩，表示上游開始有低度變質帶出露，且岩象學結果顯示NN16時位處沉積中心的地區於此時期岩屑含量增加，而較遠端的地區則是石英含量增加，代表造山帶-前陸盆地系統漸向西移；另一種模型則認為研究區域近端的地區因造山帶靠近而岩屑含量增加，遠端的地區則因前凸起的靠近亦使得岩屑含量增加；(3) NN19時期，各地區之變質岩岩屑顯著增加，意味著造山帶變質岩層已廣泛出露。另外，岩象學結果可見約有2-3次岩象組成的循環變化(Q、L互為優勢)，將其與NN17-19海水面變化的結果相對照，可以發現相對海水面上升時伴隨著石英含量增加的趨勢，相對海水面下降時則伴隨著石英含量減少的趨勢，表示區域上岩象組成的變化受到因海水面變動所造成沉積物搬運距離變化的影響。

This study aims to investigate the relationship between the development of the foreland basin and the adjacent orogenic belts based on the sedimentary strata of the foreland basin in central Taiwan and to conduct petrographic analysis, interpretations of the paleo-environments, and sequence stratigraphy analysis. The results of petrography indicate that the petrographic composition was dominated by sedimentary rock lithic fragments or quartz in NN16. In NN17-18, the petrographic composition of Q and L gradually changed to be in same proportion and, following that, the cyclical changes in proportion between Q and L with time can be seen in NN19. Sedimentary environments were deeper in NN16 and then became shallowing from NN17 to NN19, and there was a trend of deepening southward in NN19. Based on the sequence stratigraphy analysis, strata of NN17-19 were divided into more than fifty parasequence units, and the results of Fischer plot indicate that there were two stages of sea-level rise and fall events.
According to the above results, this study proposes two possible evolutional models. In NN16-18, as the orogenic belt gradually moved westward, various regions had different petrographic compositions due to different sources of eroded terrains. In NN19, the changes in the petrographic composition were also affected by the relative sea-level changes. Finally, the significant increase of metamorphic lithics meant that the metamorphic rock formations in the orogenic belt had been widely exposed.

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