台灣光電產業發達，在作業場所中使用大量有機溶劑作為清洗用途，其造成勞工之暴露濃度雖可能低於容許濃度，但衍生之臭味則仍可能造成不適。截至目前為止，針對作業場所臭味的研究仍相當有限，於其評估與管制技術方面更是匱乏。有鑑於直讀式儀器具即時量測及特別是對簡易操作之優點，本研究乃以光游離偵檢器(Photo Ionization Detector，PID)進行作業場所臭味及暴露濃度之現場評估及管制技術開發。本研究以某光電廠作為研究場所，選取共10個製程，利用不銹鋼採樣桶進行全空氣採樣，再送至認證實驗室以GC/MS分析環境中揮發性有機化合物種類及濃度，並利用臭味活性值(Odor Activity Value，OAV)之計算找出環境主要致臭物。另外，本研究選定兩製程，並以其作業環境空氣中總和濃度TE (Total Exposure)之5、10、15、20、25、30、40、50、60、70、80、90、100倍及十分之一暴露容許濃度製備嗅袋，每個嗅袋皆以PID量測其揮發性有機化合物之總濃度(PIDR)及臭味強度 OI (Odor Intensity)，以瞭解二者之關係。研究結果顯示光電廠主要致臭物為異丙醇、丙酮、乙醇、甲苯、苯乙烯、醋酸丁酯、丙二醇甲醚及丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯。以這8種主要致臭物配製嗅袋，發現依各製程濃度之嗅袋其OI測定結果皆小於0.04 (1 ppm參考氣體正丁醇)。另本研究選定的兩製程(Oven製程及Photo製程)製備5~100倍濃度及1/10 PEL-TWA之嗅袋，結果發現OI與TE濃度之間在前述選定的兩製程均有良好相關性，其R2分別為0.97及0.99，而PIDR與濃度之間也具備高度相關性，其分別為0.99及0.97。本研究將作業場所之OI管制在0.5之下，並將PIDR警戒值設定在1/10 PEL-TWA濃度下，研究結果顯示當OI為0.5時，PIDR警戒值對Oven製程及Photo製程分別為72.77及36.18 ppm；而當濃度為1/10 PEL-TWA時，PIDR之警戒值則分別為23.39及22.56 ppm。以上結果顯示以濃度為1/10 PEL-TWA時之PIDR警戒值可同時達到作業場所臭味及暴露濃度之管制目的。

The optoelectronic industries are blooming in Taiwan. Though lots of organic solvents are being used as cleaning materials in the workplace, the exposure concentration is still much lower than that regulated by the law. However, odors derived from the above chemicals might cause uncomforted on humans. But studies related to workplace odor are still very limited, especially for those associated with odor evaluation and control. Considering the advantages of providing real-time reading data and easy operability of the direct reading instrument, this study aims to develop control methods for the odor and exposure concentration in workplaces by using a photoionization detector (PID). The present study selected 10 processes of a optoelectronics industry and used canister to collect gas samples. Odor activity value (OAV) is used to find out the main odorants. Preparing the chemical mixtures based on the total exposure concentration (TE) collected at field in bags (including 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 field collected TE concentrations, and 1/10 PEL-TWA), and the panels were used to judge the odor intensity (OI). PID was used to measure the concentration of total volatile organic compounds (PIDR) of each bag. Relationships were established between OI and TE concentration and between PIDR and TE concentration for selecting suitable PID alarm limited values (PIDAlarm). Results show that odor intensity of the concentration at field in bags are constantly lower than 0.04 (1 ppm by reference to the odorant n-butanol). The isopropanol (IPA), acetone, ethanol, styrene, toluene, propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME), propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PGMEA), butyl acetate were found to be the chemicals the main odorants. The correlations of two selected processes (i.e., the Oven and Photo process) between OI and TE concentration, and PIDR and TE concentration are excellent (R2 = 0.97 and 0.99, and 0.99 and 0.97, respectively). Results show that if OI is set at 0.5, the PIDAlarm is found to be 72.77 and 36.18 ppm; and if the exposure concentration is set at 0.1 TE, the PIDAlarm is 23.39 and 22.56 ppm for the selected two processes of the Oven and Photo, respectively. The above results suggest that the PIDAlarm set as 0.1 TE would be more feasible for simultaneously controlling exposure concentrations and odors in the above two processes.

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